Table 1.

Characteristics of 107 GNB cases (EOS and LOS) and pair-wise comparisons with suspected sepsis controls and uninfected controls

	GNB-EOS (n = 33)	Susp EOS (n = 33)	No inf control (n = 99)	P* EOS	P** EOS	P*** EOS	GNB-LOS (n = 74)	Susp LOS (n = 74)	No inf control (n = 196)	P* LOS	P** LOS	P*** LOS
Gest age (w)	34 (26–38)	34 (26–38)	34 (26–38)	0.94	0.97	0.91	27 (25–29)	27 (25–29)	27 (25–29)	0.98	0.60	0.58
Gender, male	16 (48)	21 (64)	57 (58)	0.16	0.36	0.42	45 (61)	53 (72)	99 (51)	0.16	0.13	0.002
BW (g)	2225 (994–2950)	2013 (686–3500)	2087 (995–3325)	0.88	0.81	0.89	885 (750–1395)	812 (627–1259)	960 (747–1315)	0.17	0.69	0.04
Apgar at 5 min < 7	13 (39)	5 (15)	26 (26)	0.027	0.16	0.18	23 (31)	29 (39)	63 (32)	0.33	0.83	0.33
Caesarean section	16 (48)	16 (48)	50 (22)	0.90	0.96	0.84	31 (42)	11 (15)	44 (22)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.17
Prenatal steroids	11 (33)	14 (42)	34 (34)	0.72	0.72	0.40	52 (70)	64 (87)	146 (75)	0.17	0.61	0.034
Antenatal antibiotics	17 (52)	11 (33)	16 (16)	0.11	< 0.001	0.037	36 (49)	31 (42)	79 (40)	0.048	< 0.01	0.81
Onset sepsis (d)	1 (0–1)	0 (0)		0.023			19 (11–31)	9 (4–17)		< 0.001
Days of MV	1 (0–7)	0 (0–6)	0 (0)	0.77	< 0.001	0.57	8 (2–24)	9 (2–16)	0 (0–7)	0.43	< 0.001	< 0.001
Days of CPAP	2 (0–8)	1 (0–4)	3 (0–20)	0.31	0.048	0.24	16 (3–36)	18 (2–38)	6 (1–25)	0.77	0.003	0.03
Days of TPN	8 (2–13)	2 (0–10)	1 (0–8)	0.06	0.001	0.001	22 (11–37)	13 (8–24)	9 (5–14)	0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Days of UAC	1 (0–6)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–4)	0.038	0.046	NA	6 (3–8)	5 (0–7)	3 (0–6)	0.43	< 0.001	0.036
Days of UVC	1 (0–5)	0 (0–1)	0 (0–0)	0.062	0.015	NA	1 (0–4)	2 (0–5)	0 (0–5)	0.40	0.72	0.20
Days of pCVC	0 (0–9)	0 (0–9)	0 (0–0)	0.39	< 0.001	0.55	15(8–28)	7 (1–20)	2 (0–8)	0.009	< 0.001	< 0.001
BPD discharge	4 (12)	6 (18)	13 (13)	0.64	0.67	0.78	32 (43)	35 (47)	64 (33)	0.48	0.12	0.083
ROP 1–2 discharge	4 (12)	6 (18)	2 (2)	0.48	0.004	0.059	9 (12)	20 (27)	26 (13)	0.11	0.99	0.017
ROP 3–4 discharge	4 (12)	0 (0)	1 (1)	0.095	0.01	0.85	10 (14)	4 (5)	9 (5)	0.18	0.019	0.83
IVH 1–2 discharge	7 (21)	4 (12)	5 (5)	0.32	0.005	0.059	16 (22)	14 (19)	19 (10)	0.55	0.008	0.039
IVH 3–4 discharge	5 (15)	3 (9)	2 (2)	0.48	0.004	0.059	6(8)	6 (8)	11 (6)	0.60	0.20	0.45
All NEC							27 (36)	15 (20)	5 (3)	0.09	0.059	0.39
Surgical NEC							11 (15)	5 (7)	0 (0)	0.11	0.003	0.78
Mortality	5 (15)	3 (9)	7 (7)	0.46	0.24	0.86	25 (34)	12 (16)	15 (7.6)	0.04	< 0.001	0.008

*Comparison between case and suspect sepsis, **comparison between case and uninfected control, ***comparison between suspected case and uninfected control. Continuous variables are presented with means, SD, medians, and interquartile range. Categorical variables are presented with proportions and %. BW birth weight, MV mechanical ventilation, CPAP continuous positive airway pressure, TPN total parental nutrition, pCVC peripheral central venous catheter, UVC umbilical venous catheter, UAC umbilical arterial catheter, BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia, ROP retinopathy of the newborn, IVH intraventricular hemorrhage