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. 2021 Aug 6;13:169. doi: 10.1007/s40820-021-00688-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a Schematic image of the hybrid PSC device with the structure FTO/TiO₂/perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au. b Schematic energy-level alignment of the hybrid PSCs with BBF additive. c J-V curves of the hybrid PSCs with different concentrations of BBF additive. d EQE spectra. e stable output. f Mott-Schottky plots. g V_OC dependence on light intensity. h dark current–voltage characteristic and i Nyquist plots of the hybrid PSCs with and without BBF additive