Table 2.
Unadjusted logistic regression models showing relationships between socio-demographic, behavioral, oral health status, and methamphetamine use indicators and unfavorable oral health-related quality of life outcomes in the last year
| Indicators | Painful aching in mouth |
Less satisfying life because of dental problem |
Difficulty doing usual work/activity |
Affected sense of taste | Particular food avoided |
Uncomfortable to eat | Felt embarrassed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Age | |||||||
| < 45 yearsR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≥ 45 years | 1.33 (0.95–1.88) | 1.72 (1.22–2.43) | 1.38 (0.95–2.00) | 1.72 (1.19–2.47) | 1.31 (0.93–1.84) | 1.36 (0.96–1.93) | 1.53 (1.08–2.16) |
| Sex | |||||||
| FemaleR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Male | 0.81 (0.52–1.26) | 0.94 (0.67–1.42) | 0.77 (0.49–1.22) | 0.98 (0.62–1.53) | 0.63 (0.41–.99) | 0.73 (0.46–1.15) | 0.91 (0.56–1.42) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||
| WhiteR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Hispanic | 1.76 (1.07–2.89) | 0.58 (0.36–0.96) | 0.99 (0.57–1.70) | 1.54 (0.90–2.63) | 1.29 (0.79–2.11) | 1.21 (0.74–2.00) | 1.21 (0.74–1.99) |
| African-American | 1.56 (0.98–2.29) | 1.04 (0.65–1.65) | 1.22 (0.73–2.23) | 1.45 (0.87–2.43) | 1.82 (1.14–2.91) | 1.63 (1.01–2.63) | 1.27 (0.79–2.04) |
| Other | 1.25 (0.58–2.68) | 0.77 (0.36–1.67) | 0.97 (0.42–2.26) | 1.40 (0.61–3.16) | 1.99 (0.91–4.36) | 1.19 (0.55–2.60) | 0.95 (0.44–2.04) |
| Education | |||||||
| High schoolR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Less than HS | 1.34 (0.87–2.08) | 1.46 (0.93–2.22) | 1.77 (1.13–2.76) | 1.0.6533 (0.86–2.04) | 1.21 (0.79–1.86) | 0.85 (0.54–1.34) | 1.08 (0.69–1.66) |
| More than HS | 0.72 (0.48–1.08) | 1.05 (0.70–1.58) | 0.81 (0.51–1.28) | 0.65 (0.42–1.00) | 0.67 (0.45–1.00) | 0.45 (0.29-.67) | 0.73 (0.49–1.10) |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Ever married/partnerR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Never married | 1.01 (0.69–1.47) | 0.75 (0.51–1.09) | 0.94 (0.63–1.41) | 0.87 (0.59–1.28) | 0.82 (0.56–1.20) | 0.84 (0.56–1.23) | 1.01 (0.69–1.47) |
| Country of birth | |||||||
| OtherR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| United States | 0.61 (0.38–1.00) | 1.34 (0.84–2.14) | 0.84 (0.51–1.36) | 0.94 (0.58–1.52) | 1.41 (0.89–2.22) | 1.08 (0.67–1.73) | 1.05 (0.66–1.68) |
| Language used at home | |||||||
| EnglishR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Spanish | 2.26 (1.17–4.34) | 0.62 (0.34–1.13) | 1.12 (0.61–2.06) | 1.40 (0.78–2.51) | 1.02 (0.57–1.82) | 1.41 (0.75–2.65) | 1.22 (0.67–2.22) |
| Both | 1.57 (0.75–3.30) | 0.49 (0.23–1.05) | 0.71 (0.31–1.60) | 0.86 (0.40–1.84) | 0.59 (0.29–1.19) | 0.57 (0.28–1.15) | 0.73 (0.36–1.46) |
| Cigarette smoking | |||||||
| Never smokedR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Current smoker | 1.08 (0.71–1.64) | 1.77 (1.15–2.72) | 1.81 (1.11–2.93) | 1.35 (0.87–2.11) | 1.80 (1.19–2.72) | 1.90 (1.26–2.89) | 1.29 (0.85–1.96) |
| Former smoker | 1.17 (0.60–2.27) | 1.32 (0.68–2.58) | 1.48 (0.71–3.12) | 0.91 (0.44–1.88) | 2.34 (1.19–4.60) | 2.14 (1.08–4.26) | 1.15 (0.60–2.23) |
| HIV status | |||||||
| NegativeR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Positive | 1.43 (0.96–2.13) | 1.11 (0.75–1.63) | 1.04 (0.67–1.58) | 1.43 (0.96–2.14) | 1.00 (0.68–1.47) | 1.19 (0.80–1.78) | 1.18 (0.79–1.75) |
| Depression/anxiety | |||||||
| NoR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.61 (1.14–2.27) | 1.93 (1.37–2.71) | 1.97 (1.36–2.80) | 2.97 (2.05–4.31) | 2.02 (1.43–2.85) | 2.08 (1.46–2.98) | 1.81 (1.28–2.56) |
| Severe periodontitis | |||||||
| NoR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.03 (0.68–1.57) | 1.12 (0.74–1.70) | 1.13 (0.73–1.76) | 0.99 (0.64–1.53) | 1.20 (0.79–1.82) | 1.10 (0.72–1.69) | 1.40 (0.91–2.17) |
| Anterior caries ≥ 5 | |||||||
| NoR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.57 (0.99–2.49) | 2.23 (1.43–3.47) | 1.73 (1.10–2.71) | 1.86 (1.19–2.89) | 1.92 (1.21–3.05) | 2.51 (1.50–4.21) | 3.09 (1.83–5.22) |
| Root caries ≥ 3 | |||||||
| NoR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.95 (1.30–2.93) | 2.90 (1.82–4.58) | 3.20 (1.85–5.56) | 1.75 (1.10–2.77) | 1.74 (1.16–2.61) | 3.07 (2.02–4.66) | 1.76 (1.17–2.65) |
| Painful tooth/ sores in past 30 days | |||||||
| NoR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 5.98 (4.08–8.75) | 2.67 (1.89–3.79) | 6.07 (4.96–9.30) | 3.38 (2.31–4.94) | 4.46 (3.10–6.41) | 4.63 (3.16–6.78) | 2.27 (1.60–3.23) |
| Route of MA# | |||||||
| Not smokingR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Smoking | 0.86 (0.59–1.25) | 0.91 (0.63–1.32) | 0.89 (0.60–1.32) | 0.58 (0.40–.85) | 0.78 (0.54–1.13) | 0.78 (0.53–1.15) | 0.74 (0.51–1.09) |
| MA use | |||||||
| LightR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate/heavy | 1.27 (0.90–1.80) | 1.07 (0.76–1.50) | 1.28 (0.88–1.85) | 1.58 (1.10–2.27) | 1.45 (1.02–2.01) | 1.41 (0.99–2.00) | 1.06 (0.75–1.50) |
OR in bold suggest p-values < 0.05
OR odds ratio; 95% CI 95% confidence interval; R reference group