Figure 11.

Inulin modulated gut immunity and delayed diabetes development in NOD mice. (A–F) C57BL/6 male mice (n = 4–5) were fed CDD, CDD:Cell, or CDD:Inul for 1 week before euthanasia. Colon reg3 γ and α-defensin expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (A and B). Intestinal mesenteric lymph node T-cell populations were assayed by flow cytometry. Representative flow cytometry plot of T cells (C). Percentage of CD4 T-regulatory cells (D), total CD4 (E), and CD8 (F) T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes. (G) NOD mice (n = 9–10) were fed with indicated diets, and diabetes development was monitored as defined by blood glucose greater than 250 mg/dL.