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. 2021 May 11;12(3):857–871. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.05.006

Figure 3.

Figure 3

NaB inhibits lipogenic gene expression and lipid accumulation by enhancing Insig activity in hepatocytes. (A, B) NaB treatment increases protein levels of Insig. HEK293 cells were transfected with pcDNA, Myc-tagged Insig-1, or FLAG-tagged Insig-2 for 24 hours, followed by treatment with 5 mM or 10 mM NaB as indicated. Immunoblots were performed. (C–F) NaB treatment decreases protein levels of lipogenic enzymes and alleviates lipid accumulation in human HepG2 cells exposed to high glucose plus insulin. HepG2 cells were fasted for 24 hours, followed by 30 mM glucose and 100 nM insulin treatment, together with NaB (1–10 mM) or vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline) treatment. (C) Immunoblots show that NaB treatment decreases protein levels of SCD-1 and FAS in a dose-dependent manner. (D–F) Triglycerides accumulation is attenuated with 5 mM and 10 mM NaB treatment. (D) Representative oil red O staining (scale bar = 50 μm) and (E) the quantification of triglycerides are shown (n = 3). (D) Representative BODIPY staining (scale bar = 50 μm) and (F) the quantification are shown (n = 3). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM, unpaired 2-tailed Student’s t test, n = 3. ∗P < .05 vs vehicle; #P < .05 vs treatment with high glucose plus insulin.