Table 1.
Characteristic study population according to baseline resting heart rate quintile.
| 1st Quintile RHR <56 b.p.m. n = 1626 |
2nd Quintile RHR 56–62 b.p.m. n = 1891 |
3rd Quintile RHR 62–68 b.p.m. n = 1937 |
4th Quintile RHR 68–76 b.p.m. n = 2020 |
5th Quintile RHR >76 b.p.m. n = 1887 |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 70.6 ± 8.8 | 69.3 ± 9.3 | 68 ± 9.2 | 66.8 ± 9.3 | 65.3 ± 9.5 | <0.001 |
| Female sex (n, %) | 465 (28.6) | 624 (33) | 704 (36.3) | 796 (39.4) | 743 (39.4) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking status (n, %) | 116 (7.1) | 168 (8.9) | 222 (11.5) | 306 (15.1) | 428 (22.7) | <0.001 |
| Black race (n, %) | 400 (24.6) | 491 (26) | 589 (30.4) | 677 (33.5) | 790 (41.9) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.3 ± 5.4 | 29.5 ± 5.5 | 29.7 ± 5.8 | 30.2 ± 5.9 | 30.4 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
| History of cardiovascular disease (n, %) | 454 (27.9) | 449 (23.7) | 364 (18.8) | 335 (16.6) | 275 (14.6) | <0.001 |
| History of clinical cardiovascular disease (n, %) | 397 (24.4) | 384 (20.3) | 304 (15.7) | 260 (12.9) | 217 (11.5) | <0.001 |
| History of subclinical cardiovascular disease (n, %) | 100 (6.2) | 102 (5.4) | 97 (5) | 111 (5.5) | 83 (4.4) | 0.205 |
| History of chronic kidney disease (n, %) | 558 (34.3) | 555 (29.3) | 561 (29) | 517 (25.6) | 455 (24.1) | <0.001 |
| Baseline SBP (mmHg) | 141.7 ± 16.2 | 140.1 ± 15.9 | 139.2 ± 15.1 | 139.5 ± 15.2 | 138.2 ± 15.4 | <0.001 |
| Baseline DBP (mmHg) | 72.9 ± 11.6 | 75.9 ± 11.2 | 77.9 ± 11.4 | 80.2 ± 11.5 | 82.9 ± 11.7 | <0.001 |
| Baseline RHR (b.p.m.) | 51 ± 3.6 | 58.6 ± 1.7 | 64.4 ± 1.7 | 71.3 ± 2.3 | 83.5 ± 7.3 | <0.001 |
| In-trial SBP (mmHg) | 130.3 ± 9.8 | 129.6 ± 9.9 | 129.2 ± 9.8 | 129.3 ± 10.1 | 128.9 ± 9.7 | <0.001 |
| In-trial DBP (mmHg) | 68.4 ± 9 | 70.4 ± 8.9 | 72 ± 9 | 73.5 ± 8.9 | 75.8 ± 9 | <0.001 |
| In-trial RHR (b.p.m.) | 57.6 ± 6 | 62.6 ± 5.5 | 66.6 ± 5.5 | 71.1 ± 6.2 | 77.9 ± 8.3 | <0.001 |
| Allocation to intensive treatment arm (n, %) | 787 (48.4) | 960 (50.8) | 1001 (51.7) | 1009 (50) | 921 (48.8) | 0.252 |
| EGFR (mL/min/m2) | 68 ± 18.7 | 70.3 ± 19.6 | 71.3 ± 20.5 | 73.6 ± 21.2 | 74.8 ± 21.9 | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 97.9 ± 11.2 | 98 ± 12.2 | 98.1 ± 12 | 99.5 ± 14.6 | 100.4 ± 16.5 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 180.5 ± 38.1 | 183.7 ± 38.7 | 190.7 ± 40.8 | 195.5 ± 41.3 | 198.6 ± 43.5 | <0.001 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 51.9 ± 13 | 52.3 ± 13.9 | 53 ± 14.1 | 53.4 ± 15.1 | 53.6 ± 15.8 | <0.001 |
| Triglicerydes (md/dL) | 116.5 ± 69.8 | 118.4 ± 65.8 | 122.3 ± 72 | 132.9 ± 97.6 | 137.9 ± 127.6 | <0.001 |
| On aspirin (n, %) | 971 (59.9) | 1037 (55.1) | 1041 (54) | 930 (46.2) | 777 (41.2) | <0.001 |
| On statin (n, %) | 826 (51.2) | 889 (47.3) | 855 (44.4) | 778 (38.9) | 706 (37.8) | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; RHR, resting heart rate; EGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high density lipoprotein.