| Abbreviation | Meaning |
| CDS | coding sequence |
| DMS | Dimethyl sulfate |
| IRES | Internal Ribosome Entry Site |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| MOIs | multiplicities of infection |
| NRAS | neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog |
| nt | nucleotide |
| OG4s | observed RNA G-quadruplexes |
| PAS | Polyadenylation Signal |
| PD1 | Programmed cell Death protein 1 |
| PD-L1 | Programmed Death-Ligand 1 |
| RT | reverse transcription |
| SUD | SARS-unique domain |
| Th1 | T-helper 1 |
| Th2 | T-helper 2 |
| Th17 | T-helper 17 |
| TPM | transcripts per million |
| UG4s | Unfolded RNA G-quadruplexes |
| UTR | untranslated region |
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