Table 1.

Significantly different primary metabolites between heat-dried (60 °C) and freeze-dried (−80 °C) samples by GC-TOF-MS (p < 0.05). Three biological replications per each treatment sample were analyzed. ND means “not detected”.

No	RT (s)	Identified Compound	Formula	S/N	Temp (°C)	Peak Area	p-Value
Organic acid
1	336.475	L-(+)-Lactic acid	C3H6O3	259.64 ± 46.50	−80	623,113 ± 220,546	0.005
					60	1,353,365 ± 61,640
2	388.033	3-Furoic acid	C5H4O3	120.63 ± 49.69	−80	268,829 ± 14,818	0.000
					60	99,835 ± 4186
3	495.075	Succinic acid	C4H6O4	843.21 ± 31.93	−80	6,780,625 ± 1,330,300	0.000
					60	ND
4	590.617	Malic acid	C4H6O5	5741.99 ± 23.93	−80	3,368,389 ± 350,517	0.001
					60	4,294,037 ± 67,108
5	731.117	Propanoic acid	C3H6O4	52.45 ± 2.66	−80	ND	0.000
					60	19,674± 1922
6	745.183	Citric acid	C6H8O7	10,707.06 ± 39.46	−80	7,468,684 ± 1,296,440	0.009
					60	3,794,228 ±237,974
7	824.033	D-Gluconic acid	C6H12O7	1322.40 ± 100.12	−80	54,672 ± 16,882	0.000
					60	1,060,360 ± 119,163
Amino acid/Amine
8	355.775	L-Valine	C5H11NO2	300.84 ± 94.39	−80	292,186 ± 64,672	0.002
					60	2,214,288 ± 462,985
9	361.750	N-Butylamine	C4H11N	500.24 ± 85.16	−80	36,110 ± 538	0.002
					60	798,463 ± 103,414
10	365.325	L-Alanine	C3H7NO2	2235.52 ± 70.06	−80	2,218,555 ± 620,914	0.000
					60	9,117,948 ± 656,401
11	439.383	D-Valine	C5H11NO2	5420.60 ± 103.17	−80	475,411 ± 136,233	0.000
					60	12,989,286 ± 224,714
12	470.525	Ethanolamine	C2H7NO	568.73 ± 56.24	−80	281,663 ± 94,049	0.000
					60	822,952 ± 83,137
13	472.700	L-Norleucine	C6H13NO2	2223.83 ± 104.51	−80	167,868 ± 61,864	0.002
					60	6,097,243 ± 864,121
14	486.208	L-Leucine	C6H13NO2	2240.74 ± 102.79	−80	225,995 ± 70,362	0.001
					60	6,090,595 ± 690,905
15	490.150	L-Proline	C5H9NO2	1541.72 ± 107.91	−80	66,414 ± 33,100	0.000
					60	4,183,781 ± 920,171
16	523.325	L-Serine	C3H7NO3	1096.97 ± 90.24	−80	346,714 ± 128,627	0.001
					60	3,385,954 ± 645,120
17	538.683	L-Threonine	C4H9NO3	821.96 ± 9134	−80	163,522 ± 45,729	0.001
					60	1,784,039 ± 211,063
18	607.075	L-Aspartic acid	C4H7NO4	2225.12 ± 62.37	−80	622,475 ± 115,745	0.002
					60	2,060,365 ± 6360
19	653.967	L-Glutamic acid	C5H9NO4	1138.54 ± 49.91	−80	356,869 ± 131,194	0.005
					60	855,723 ± 81,835
20	662.317	Phenylalanine	C9H11NO2	467.51 ± 86.40	−80	144,403 ± 35,274	0.000
					60	1,228,814 ± 130,812
21	679.717	L-Asparagine	C4H8N2O3	173.74 ± 81.35	−80	112,420 ± 56,004	0.000
					60	727,603 ± 65,606
22	785.425	L-Lysine	C6H14N2O2	726.90 ± 84.47	−80	18,913 ± 41,286	0.000
					60	1,631,107 ± 166,827
Monosaccharides
23	709.058	L-Rhamnose	C6H12O5	452.46 ± 101.89	−80	164,194 ± 29,950	0.000
					60	3,186,455 ± 211,877
24	751.675	D-(-)-Erythorose	C4H8O4	261.62 ± 69.45	−80	7,495,006 ± 2,173,719	0.002
					60	2,337,360 ± 444,077
25	770.233	D-(-)-Fructose	C6H12O6	196.91 ± 28.92	−80	137,329 ± 25,989	0.003
					60	1,301,930 ± 50,758
26	781.567	D-(+)-Mannose	C6H12O6	12,225.38 ± 84.45	−80	1,339,283 ± 309,865	0.000
					60	9,066,007 ± 634,819
27	794.742	D-Mannitol	C6H14O6	18,746.15 ± 103.89	−80	502,455 ± 193,329	0.000
					60	16,399,566 ± 2,209,653
28	857.492	Inositol	C6H12O6	5254.67 ± 30.80	−80	2,211,218 ± 527,434	0.026
					60	3,361,783 ± 225,679
29	887.150	D-Sorbitol	C6H14O6	71.30 ± 7.61	−80	ND	0.000
					60	43,967 ± 4705
30	938.000	D-(-)-Ribofuranose	C5H10O5	54.96 ± 9.83	−80	ND	0.000
					60	134,705 ± 13,507
31	1070.190	D-(+)-Trehalose	C12H22O11	42,467.71 ± 32.92	−80	19,711,971 ± 726,018	0.000
					60	11,425,742 ± 1,430,771
Alcohols and its derivatives
32	748.625	3-Deoxyhexitol	C6H14O5	48.303 ± 40.76	−80	16,294 ± 6668	0.024
					60	44,286 ± 894
33	794.742	D Mannitol	C6H14O6	18,746.15 ± 103.88	−80	502,454 ± 17,291	0.007
					60	16,399,565 ± 19,763
34	454.675	Diethylene glycol	C4H10O3	48.874 ± 61.899	−80	408,235 ± 5816	0.05
					60	116,301 ± 6540
35	887.150	D-Sorbitol	C6H14O6	71.296 ± 7.608	−80	ND
					60	43,967 ± 420
36	224.233	Ethylene glycol	C2H6O2	2745.569 ± 8.64	−80	19,748,319 ± 53,976	0.02
					60	17,779,139 ± 9579
37	472.950	Glycerol	C3H8O3	1073.492 ± 80.425	−80	426,256 ± 10,359	0.001
					60	2,784,540 ± 4976
38	475.608	Silanol	SiH4O	28,812.306 ± 56.396	−80	8,028,737 ± 31,479	0.005
					60	27,759,383 ± 2333
39	597.350	L(-) Arabitol	C5H12O5	16.866 ± 26.507	−80	29,802 ± 1857	0.03
					60	48,490 ± 446