Table 1.
Comparison of the sensing properties of different insulin determination methods from the literature with SPCE/MWCNT/NiO1.5.
| Electrode | Linear Range | Limit of Detection | Sensitivity | Method | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AgNF/rGO/MDEA | 1 µm–1 mM | 50 µM | - | Impedance spectroscopy | [19] |
| NiNP/CNT/CFME | 2 µM–20 µM | 270 nM | 1.11 nAµM−1 | Cyclic voltammetry | [26] |
| MWCNT/DMF/CE | 250 nM–1.6 µM | - | - | Cyclic voltammetry | [29] |
| NiOx/guanine/GC | Up to 4 µM | 22 pM | 100.9 pApM−1 | Cyclic voltammetry | [30] |
| Ni(OH)2 NP/Nafion-MWCNT/GC | Up to 10 µM | 85 nM | 5.0 AµM−1cm−2 | Amperometry | [31] |
| IrOx film electrode | 0.05–0.5 µM | 20 nM | 35.2 nAµM−1 | Amperometry | [32] |
| CHIT-CNT/GC | 0.1–3 µM | 30 nM | 135 mAM−1cm−2 | Amperometry | [33] |
| RuOx/CNT/CE | 10–800 nM | - | 541 nAµM−1 | Flow-injection amperometry | [34] |
| Si-CPE | 90–1400 pM | 36 pM | 107.3 pApM−1 | Amperometry | [22] |
| 3D gold nanoparticles pillars/ITO | 100 pM–50 nM | 35 pM | - | Raman spectroscopy | [9] |
| WGE800 | - | 35 pM | - | Whispering gallery mode | [10] |
| SPCE/MWCNT/ NiO1.5 |
600 nM–10 µM | 19.6 nM | 7.06 µAµM−1 | Amperometry | This work |