Table 1.
Comparison of cases and controls.
| Risk Factors | Cases (n = 23) | Controls (n = 250) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | p = 0.005 | ||
| Males | 19 (82.6%) | 131 (52.4%) | |
| Females | 4 (17.4%) | 119 (47.6%) | |
| Smoking habit | p = 0.009 | ||
| Active smokers | 7 (33%) | 56 (22.5%) | |
| Former smokers | 12 (57%) | 84 (33.7%) | |
| Never smokers | 2 (9.5%) | 109 (43.8%) | |
| IBD type | p = 0.19 | ||
| Crohn’s disease | 17 (73.9%) | 154 (61.1%) | |
| Ulcerative colitis | 5 (21.7%) | 93 (37.2%) | |
| IBD-U | 1 (4.4%) | 3 (1.2%) | |
| Age at diagnosis of IBD | p < 0.0001 | ||
| Year (median, IQR) | 56.0, 40.0–64.8 | 32.0, 22.0–44.0 | |
| Mesalazine | p = 0.02 | ||
| Yes | 19 (82.6%) | 237 (94.8%) | |
| No | 4 (17.4%) | 13 (5.2%) | |
| Duration mesalazine | p = 0.053 | ||
| Months (median, IQR) | 48.0, 8.25–188.25 | 88.5, 48.00–179.00 | |
| Thiopurine | p = 0.38 | ||
| Yes | 5 (21.7%) | 76 (30.4%) | |
| No | 18 (78.3%) | 174 (69.9%) | |
| Duration thiopurine | p = 0.79 | ||
| Months (median, IQR) | 40.00, 18.25–60.00 | 31, 6.00–82.00 | |
| Anti-TNF | p = 0.012 | ||
| Yes | 1 (4.3%) | 71 (28.4%) | |
| No | 22 (95.7%) | 179 (71.6%) | |
| Surgical resection | p = 0.69 | ||
| Yes | 8 (34.8%) | 77 (30.8%) | |
| No | 15 (65.2%) | 173 (69.2%) |
IBD-U = inflammatory bowel disease unclassified; IQR = interquartile range; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.