Table 10.

Multi-class classification of RF from Si dataset for CO (Class 0), PD Stage 2 (Class 2), PD Stage 2.5 (Class 2.5), and PD Stage 3 (Class 3) using several CNN classifiers (AlexNet, ResNet-50, ResNet-101, and GoogLeNet) with 10-fold cross-validation.

Time Window	Frequency Range	Disease Severity (Class)	AlexNet				ResNet-50				ResNet-101				GoogLeNet
			Sen (%)	Spec (%)	Acc (%)	AUC	Sen (%)	Spec (%)	Acc (%)	AUC	Sen (%)	Spec (%)	Acc (%)	AUC	Sen (%)	Spec (%)	Acc (%)	AUC
10 s	0.83–1.95 Hz	Class 0	97.99	97.86	97.92	0.9792	97.92	97.41	98.33	0.9787	99.43 *	97.86 *	98.57 *	0.9864 *	96.26	97.14	96.74	0.9670
		Class 2	95.24	94.21	94.66	0.9473	95.96	95.54	96.30	0.9592	95.83 *	97.22 *	96.61 *	0.9653 *	95.24	89.58	92.06	0.9241
		Class 2.5	77.38	98.83	96.48	0.8811	97.79	90.48	98.68	0.9458	88.10	99.27	98.05	0.9368	59.52	99.12	94.79	0.7932
	1.95–50 Hz	Class 0	98.28	97.38	97.79	0.9783	94.25	99.29	97.01	0.9677	97.99	96.19	97.01	0.9709	96.84	96.90	96.88	0.9687
		Class 2	92.26	97.45	95.18	0.9486	98.21	93.75	95.70	0.9598	95.24	95.83	95.57	0.9554	88.10	96.06	92.58	0.9208
		Class 2.5	92.86	97.66	97.14	0.9526	90.48	99.42	98.44	0.9495	85.71	99.85	98.31	0.9278	91.67	95.91	95.44	0.9379
15 s	0.83–1.95 Hz	Class 0	97.41	97.86	97.66	0.9764	98.28	97.86	98.05	0.9807	95.26	98.57	97.07	0.9692	98.28	97.14	97.66	0.9771
		Class 2	92.41	92.71	92.58	0.9256	95.09	96.53	95.90	0.9581	96.88	93.40	94.92	0.9514	92.86	95.49	94.34	0.9417
		Class 2.5	71.43	97.37	94.53	0.8440	89.29	98.90	97.85	0.9409	85.71	99.34	97.85	0.9253	82.14	98.03	96.29	0.9008
	1.95–50 Hz	Class 0	96.98	96.07	96.48	0.9653	93.53	97.86	95.90	0.9570	96.55	94.64	95.51	0.9560	94.40	95.36	94.92	0.9488
		Class 2	93.30	96.53	95.12	0.9492	93.75	94.10	93.95	0.9392	90.63	94.44	92.77	0.9253	90.18	94.44	92.58	0.9231
		Class 2.5	92.86	98.90	98.24	0.9588	94.64 *	98.03 *	97.66 *	0.9633 *	83.93	98.46	96.88	0.9120	92.86	97.81	97.27	0.9533
30 s	0.83–1.95 Hz	Class 0	89.66	99.29	94.92	0.9447	93.10	97.86	95.70	0.9548	93.10	95	94.14	0.9405	91.38	92.86	92.19	0.9212
		Class 2	97.32	88.19	92.19	0.9276	96.43	90.97	93.36	0.9370	91.07	90.28	90.63	0.9067	86.61	92.36	89.84	0.8948
		Class 2.5	78.57	98.68	96.48	0.8863	78.57	99.12	96.88	0.8885	75	98.25	95.70	0.8662	92.86	97.37	96.88	0.9511
	1.95–50 Hz	Class 0	96.55	95.71	96.09	0.9613	90.52	97.14	94.14	0.9383	95.69	94.29	94.92	0.9499	92.24	97.14	94.92	0.9469
		Class 2	88.39	93.75	91.41	0.9107	91.96	89.58	90.63	0.9077	91.96	87.50	89.45	0.8973	88.39	93.75	91.41	0.9107
		Class 2.5	78.57	96.49	94.53	0.8753	82.14	97.37	95.70	0.8976	50	99.12	93.75	0.7456	96.43	95.61	95.70	0.9602

Note: * selected by Youden’s index criteria as the best classification result.