Table 1.

Mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), ζ-potential, and mobility of liposomes prepared using circular Y-shaped, square Y-shaped, zigzag-shaped, and half-moon-shaped chips (a) fabricated by LCD printer using TFR of 1 mL min⁻¹, (b) fabricated by LCD printer using TFR of 3 mL min⁻¹, (c) fabricated by FDM printer using TFR of 1 mL min⁻¹, and (d) fabricated by FDM printer using TFR of 3 mL min⁻¹.

	Chip Shape	Mean Diameter (nm)	PDI	ζ-Potential (mV)	Mobility (μmcm/Vs)
(a)	Circular Y	287.99 ± 29.72	0.259	−8.64 ± 2.63	−0.67 ± 0.20
	Square Y	251.14 ± 16.94	0.241	−5.93 ± 2.19	−0.46 ± 0.17
	Zigzag	210.46 ± 54.06	0.268	−10.11 ± 2.15	−0.79 ± 0.17
	Half–moon	193.42 ± 19.41	0.249	−9.81 ± 3.30	−0.77 ± 0.26
(b)	Circular Y	224.59 ± 20.93	0.271	−7.17 ± 2.34	−0.56 ± 0.18
	Square Y	256.52 ± 16.29	0.263	−6.49 ± 2.03	−0.51 ± 0.16
	Zigzag	271.21 ± 15.76	0.247	−8.22 ± 2.62	−0.64 ± 0.20
	Half–moon	250.00 ± 20.99	0.215	−6.53 ± 2.06	−0.51 ± 0.16
(c)	Circular Y	270.15 ± 15.48	0.255	−7.41 ± 2.14	−0.58 ± 0.17
	Square Y	217.39 ± 8.74	0.198	−7.55 ± 2.46	−0.59 ± 0.19
	Zigzag	236.43 ± 11.62	0.240	−7.57 ± 2.82	−0.59 ± 0.22
	Half–moon	216.17 ± 16.77	0.250	−6.21 ± 1.75	−0.48 ± 0.14
(d)	Circular Y	270.69 ± 16.29	0.277	−4.95 ± 2.00	−3.39 ± 0.15
	Square Y	364.05 ± 33.42	0.300	−5.18 ± 2.24	−0.40 ± 0.17
	Zigzag	218.94 ± 16.27	0.263	−6.85 ± 2.66	−0.54 ± 0.21
	Half–moon	212.65 ± 13.13	0.259	−5.54 ± 2.08	−0.43 ± 0.16