Figure 1.

Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) classification. The chromatin conformation in the cell according to the HAT/HDAC balance. The different families and classes of enzymes are noted. Type A HATs responsible for acetylation associated with transcription. Type B cytoplasmic HATs acetylate de novo synthesized histones and non-histone proteins. Ac = Acetyl; CBP = cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding (CREB) protein; GNAT = Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferases; PCAF = p300/CBP-associated factor; GCN5 = general control of amino acid synthesis protein 5-like 2; ELP3 = elongation protein 3; MYST = MOZ/YBF2/SAS2/TIP60; TIP60 = TAT interacting proteins 60; SIRT 1–7 = sirtuins.