Table 2.
Selection process of the items (i.e. questions) measuring the 13 indicators of antenatal psychosocial vulnerability (phase 4 in Fig. 1)
| Indicators | Validated items based on guidelines (fig1: phase 4a) | Validated items based on scientific value or usability (Fig. 1: phase 4b) | Self-designed items (Fig. 1: phase 4c) |
Number of items | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| – | Antenatal (inter) national guidelines | Validated questionnaires | Number of items ≤5 | Used/Questioned in pregnant population | Item self-designed and/or based on | ||
| Category: Socio-economic/demographics status | |||||||
| Communication | – | – | – | – | Expert panels | 1 | |
| Birth country | – | – | – | – | CEPIP (1) | 1 | |
| Residence statusa | – | – | – | – | Expert panels | 1 | |
| Education | – | – | – | – | CEPIP (1) | 1 | |
| Occupation | – | – | – | – | CEPIP (1) | 1 | |
| Partner’s occupationb | – | – | – | – | CEPIP (1) & C.D.V.P (2) | 1 | |
| Income | – | – | – | – | C.D.V.P (2)& Van Damme et.al (3) | 1 | |
| Housing situation | – | – | – | – | Van Damme et.al (3) & Kind en Gezin kansarmoede criteria | 1 | |
| Category: Mental state | |||||||
| Depression |
NICE Antenatal and postnatal mental health guideline (4) |
Whooley (5) | 2 items | Yes | – | 2 | |
| Anxiety |
NICE Antenatal and postnatal mental health guideline (4) |
Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) (6) | 2 items | Yes | – | 2 | |
| Category: Social situation | |||||||
| Social support | – |
• Maternity Social Support Scale • Oslo Social support scale (OSLO-3) • Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire • Social Support Questionnaire 6 (SSQ-6) • The Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) - 8 items |
• Interpersonal Support Evaluation List • Social Support Questionnaire 27 items • Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS) • Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) |
• OSLO-3 • SSQ- 6 |
Oslo Social support scale (OSLO-3) (7) | – | 3 |
| Violence | – |
• AAS Abuse Assessment Screen • CTS-2 Revised Conflict Tactics Scale • PVS Partner Violence Screen • OAS Ongoing Abuse Screen • HITS Hurt, Insulted, Threaten and Scream • STaT (slapped, threatened throw) • WAST Woman Abuse Screen Tool • HARK Humiliation, Afraid, Rape, Kick Screen |
• ISA Index of Spouse Abuse • SVAWS Severity of Violence Against Women Scales • CAS Composite Abuse Scale • CAS Composite Abuse Scale short form • ABI Abusive Behaviour Inventory • PAS Partner Abuse Scale • MMEA Multidimensional Measure of Emotional Abuse |
• AAS Abuse Assessment Screen • OAS Ongoing Abuse Screen • HITS Hurt, Insulted, Threaten and Scream |
(3 of 5 items) OAS Ongoing Abuse Screen (8) | – | 3 |
| Category: Substance use | |||||||
| Substance use (alcohol, smoking, drugs, and cannabisa) | Australian Guideline for Supporting Pregnant Women who use Alcohol or other Drugs: A Guide for Primary Health Care Professionals (9) |
• IRIS Indigenous Risk Impact Screen • ASSIST V3 Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Use Involvement Screening Test Version 3 • FTND Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence • TLFB Timeline Follow Back |
– |
1 item of ASSIST v3 (10) |
Expert panels | 4 | |
| Total indicators: 13 | Total items: 22 | ||||||
| Informative Indicators | |||||||
| Psychological historya | – | – | – | – | Expert panels | 1 | |
| Medication usea | – | – | – | – | Expert panels | 1 | |
a Indicator item added after refinement
b Indicator marital status was adapted to partner’s occupation
Mentioned references can be found in additional file 2