Table 3.

Materials for the fabrication of solid microneedles [39].

Materials	Advantages	Disadvantages	Application
Silicon	Biocompatible, hard, Mature fabrication techniques	Sharp waste Brittle	Solid, Coated, Hollow Microneedles
Glass	Chemically inert, Transparent and cheap	Cumbersome Fabrication, Brittle	Hollow Microneedles
Ceramic materials	Natural porous	Long fabrication Time, significantly brittle	Hollow, Dissolving Microneedles
Metals	Biocompatibility, High conductivity, have catalytic activity for some nanometals	High cost for noble metals, Allergic risk,	Solid, Coated, Hollow Microneedles
Polymers	Biodegradable (some) or Swellable, Easy fabrication	Low mechanical strength	Solid, Hollow, Coated, Dissolving, Swellable Microneedles
Carbohydrates	Biodegradable, Biocompatible	High processing Temperatures, low mechanical strength and hygroscopicity	Dissolving Microneedles