TABLE 2.
Results for cognitive performance of the citicoline supplementation group and the placebo group in the ITT population at Weeks 0 and 121
| Test | Baseline (Week 0) | End of study (Week 12) |
|---|---|---|
| Spatial Span | ||
| Placebo | 4.75 ± 0.11 | 4.67 ± 0.13 |
| Citicoline | 4.65 ± 0.09 | 4.90 ± 0.12* |
| Monkey Ladder | ||
| Placebo | 6.43 ± 0.12 | 6.51 ± 0.13 |
| Citicoline | 6.65 ± 0.14 | 6.88 ± 0.17 |
| Digit Span | ||
| Placebo | 5.94 ± 0.18 | 6.22 ± 0.18 |
| Citicoline | 5.88 ± 0.16 | 5.94 ± 0.17 |
| Paired Associate | ||
| Placebo | 3.86 ± 0.13 | 3.92 ± 0.14 |
| Citicoline | 3.92 ± 0.11 | 4.04 ± 0.11† |
| Composite Memory | ||
| Placebo | 74.8 ± 1.5 | 75.5 ± 1.8 |
| Citicoline | 75.6 ± 1.4 | 79.1 ± 1.7*† |
| Feature Match | ||
| Placebo | 83.8 ± 3.0 | 88.6 ± 3.3 |
| Citicoline | 86.7 ± 2.8 | 96.8 ± 3.5* |
| Interlocking Polygon Task | ||
| Placebo | 26.2 ± 2.3 | 28.0 ± 2.3 |
| Citicoline | 22.8 ± 2.4 | 25.3 ± 2.8 |
| Sustained Attention to Response Task | ||
| Placebo | 174 ± 7 | 185 ± 2 |
| Citicoline | 181 ± 4 | 177 ± 6 |
1
Values are means ± SEMs of test score. n = 51 for placebo and n = 49–48 for citicoline. An increase composite memory score and all of each individual cognitive tests score indicates an improvement. *P < 0.05 within-group difference (baseline vs. end of study) using paired t-test. †P < 0.05 between-group difference for the raw change score analyzed using ANCOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. The raw change was calculated as the difference in scores at baseline to the end of the test period for each participant.