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. 2021 Jul 5;28(9):5166–5182. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-09887-y
None N = 418 Mild N = 1346 Moderate N = 1070 Severe N = 356
N % N % N % N %
a. Characteristics of the subgroups—self-reported severity of arm swelling (N = 3190)
Country
 Denmark 334 79.9 1165 86.6 990 92.5 337 94.7
 USA 84 20.1 181 13.4 80 7.5 19 5.3
Age groups (years)
 ≤ 49 33 7.9 153 11.4 93 8.7 31 11.5
 50–59 86 20.6 379 28.1 274 25.6 109 30.6
 60–69 161 38.5 429 31.9 345 32.2 97 27.3
 ≥ 70 138 33.0 385 28.6 358 33.5 109 30.6
BMI (kg/m2)
 Under/normal weight (< 25) 180 43.1 558 41.5 377 35.2 98 27.5
 Overweight (25–29) 143 34.2 461 34.2 378 35.3 115 32.3
 Obese (≥30) 94 22.5 325 24.1 310 29.0 140 39.3
 Missing 1 0.2 2 0.2 5 0.5 3 0.9
Ethnicity
 Caucasian 370 88.5 1195 88.8 914 85.4 303 85.1
 Other 48 11.5 151 11.2 156 14.6 53 14.9
Time since lymphedema diagnosis
 ≤ 4 123 29.4 475 35.3 310 29.0 82 23.0
 5–9 142 34.0 489 36.3 402 37.5 135 38.0
 ≥ 10 153 36.6 382 28.4 358 33.5 139 39.0
Lymphedema laterality
 Unilateral 413 98.8 1322 98.2 1044 97.6 345 96.9
 Bilateral 5 1.2 24 1.8 26 2.4 11 3.1
None N = 335 Minor N = 2108 Major N = 779
N % N % N %
b. Characteristics of the subgroups—based on having a problem with the arm(s) as a result of breast cancer and/or its treatment (N = 3222)
Country
 Denmark 302 90.1 1865 88.5 691 88.7
 USA 33 9.9 243 11.5 88 11.3
Age groups (years)
 ≤ 49 21 6.3 211 10.0 90 11.6
 50–59 57 17.0 564 26.8 233 29.9
 60–69 105 31.3 695 33.0 237 30.4
 ≥ 70 152 45.4 638 30.2 219 28.1
BMI (kg/m2)
 Under/normal weight (< 25) 152 45.4 834 39.6 240 30.8
 Overweight (25–29) 114 34.0 734 34.8 259 33.3
 Obese (≥30) 67 20.0 534 25.3 276 35.4
 Missing 2 0.6 6 0.3 4 0.5
Ethnicity
 Caucasian 292 87.2 1844 87.5 670 86.0
 Other 43 12.8 264 12.5 109 14.0
Time since lymphedema diagnosis
 ≤ 4 94 28.1 683 32.4 221 28.4
 5-9 132 39.4 774 36.7 277 35.6
 ≥ 10 109 32.5 651 30.9 281 36.0
Lymphedema laterality
 Unilateral 330 98.5 2080 98.7 746 95.8
 Bilateral 5 1.5 28 1.3 33 4.2
No sleeve N = 940 Sleeve N = 2282
N % N %
c. Characteristics of the subgroups—based on whether participant wore a compression sleeve in the past 12 months (N = 3222)
Country
 Denmark 807 85.9 2051 89.9
 USA 133 14.1 231 10.1
Age groups (years)
 ≤ 49 83 8.8 239 10.5
 50–59 226 24.0 628 27.5
 60–69 319 34.0 718 31.5
 ≥ 70 312 33.2 697 30.5
BMI (kg/m2)
 Under/normal weight (< 25) 350 37.2 876 38.4
  Overweight (25–29) 328 34.9 779 34.1
 Obese (≥ 30) 260 27.7 617 27.1
 Missing 2 0.2 10 0.4
Ethnicity
 Caucasian 811 86.3 1995 87.4
 Other 129 13.7 287 12.6
Time since lymphedema diagnosis
 ≤ 4 217 23.1 781 34.2
 5–9 350 37.2 833 36.5
 ≥ 10 373 39.7 668 29.3
Lymphedema laterality
 Unilateral 913 97.1 2243 98.3
 Bilateral 27 2.9 39 1.7