FIGURE 21.

Digitally reconstructed right quadrate of Aphaurosuchus escharafacies in (a) lateral, (b) medial, (c) anterior, (d) posterior, and (e) ventral views. Arrow indicates anterior direction. eam, external auditory meatus; pof, periotic fossa; ptc, pterygoid contact; qA, ventral quadrate crest (crest A) for the insertion of M. adductor mandibula externus superficialis; qB, ventral quadrate crest (crest B) for the insertion of M. ad. mand. ext. medialis; qB’, ventral quadrate crest (crest B’) for the insertion of M. ad. mand. posterior; qd, quadrate depression; qjc, quadratojugal contact; qlc, quadrate lateral condyle; qmc, quadrate medial condyle; sf, subtympanic foramen. Scale bar: 5 cm