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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 14.
Published in final edited form as: Nanoscale. 2021 Feb 4;13(6):3374–3411. doi: 10.1039/d0nr08353d

Figure 11. Pathogen Structural Damages Produced by Light-Induced Inactivation Pathways of Plasmonic Nano-Antimicrobials.

Figure 11.

(A) SEM image of pore formation found on Arthrobacter sp. bacteria cell body after PDCT treatment for 1 hour with Ag / [Ru(bpy)3]2+ photoreactor nanocomposites and 430 nm LED. Reprinted with permission from Ref. 118. Copyright (2020) American Chemical Society.

(B) SEM image of pore formation on E. coli cell body after PC inactivation with Ag/TiO2 composite film and UV LED for 5 min. Reprinted from Ref. 167, Copyright (2008), with permission from Elsevier.

(C) TEM images of cell rupture of E. coli after PC inactivation with Ag/TiO2 nanohybrid films and 405 nm LED for 0, 60 and 120 min. Reprinted from Ref. 165, Copyright (2016), with permission from Elsevier.

(D) TEM image of structural damage to MLV after Au NRs-assisted photonic shockwave inactivation 805 nm fs pulsed laser treatment for 10 seconds. Reproduced from Ref. 42 under the CC By 4.0 Creative Commons license.