Table 2.
Summary of PC Pathogen Inactivation Studies.
| Ref | Pathogen Species (Type) | Materials Composition | Illumination Type and Power or Power Density as Reported | In vitro LRV / Inactivation time | Additional Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [151] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag NPs | Unspecified visible light source | 1–2 / 2 hours | Inhibition of biofilm formation |
| [152] | P. aeruginosa (Gram −) | Au NPs | Unspecified visible light source | - | Inhibition of biofilm formation |
| [131] |
E. coli (Gram −) S. aureus (Gram +) |
Ag NPs / CuO | AM 1.5G light, 100 mW/cm2 | 7 / 10 min | Light-induced Ag+ release |
| [165] |
MRSA (Gram +) P. aeruginosa, E. coli (Gram −) |
Ag/TiO2/polymer | 405 nm LED, 7 W | 5 / 2 hours | |
| [160] | Vibrio cholerae (Gram −) | Ag/ZnO | Sun light | > 6 / 50 min | |
| [132] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/AgBr/TiO2 | Visible light (> 420 nm), 25.3 mW/cm2 | 7 / 110 min | |
| [157] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/TiO2 | Fluorescent lamp with visible light (> 400 nm), 40 W | 6 / 2 hours | |
| [162] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/Bi2S3/SnIn4S8 | Xe lamp (> 420 nm) | > 7 / 4 hours | |
| [161] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/graphitic C3N4 | Xe lamp, 300 W | > 7 / 90 min | |
| [156] | Bacteriophage MS2 (non-enveloped virus) | Ag/TiO2 | UV lamp (350 nm), 2.5 mW/cm2 | > 6 / 2 min | |
| [158] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/ZnO | Sun light, 0.753 kW/m2 | 5.7 / 60 min | |
| [25] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/BiVO4 | Xe lamp (> 420 nm), 300 W | 7 / 3 hours | |
| [166] |
E. coli (Gram −) Pichia Pastoris (yeast) |
Ag/TiO2 | Mercury vapor lamp (315–400 nm), 64 W/m2 | 7–8 / 45 min 8 / 60 min |
|
| [90][91] |
E. coli (Gram −) Bacteriophage f2 (non-enveloped virus) |
Cu/TiO2 nanofibers | Xe lamp, 100 mW/cm2 | > 6 / 240 min > 5 / 240 min |
|
| [163] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/AgBr/reduced graphene oxide | Xe lamp, 0.383 W/cm2 | 6–7 / 20 min | |
| [164] | E. coli (Gram −) | Ag/AgX/CNTs | Xe lamp, 60 mW/cm2 | 7–8 / 40 min |