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. 2021 Aug 4;376(1834):20200181. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0181

Table 2.

Mean and standard errors of mass (MMT), nitrogen (KT) and phosphorus (KT) content of exported rice, wheat, soy and maize between 2014 and 2018. Values exclude export within regions. Export values are compared with total nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer use (both in MMT) for all of agriculture in each region during the period.

rice wheat soy maize sum fertilizer
export mean s.e. mean s.e. mean s.e. mean s.e. mean s.e. mean s.e.
mass (MMT)
Asia 14.74 0.50 0.72 0.06 0.33 0.02 0.10 0.01 15.88 0.50
Europe 0.36 0.01 67.48 2.79 2.17 0.28 16.05 0.53 86.06 3.26
Africa 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.12 0.04 0.79 0.30 1.03 0.28
S. America 1.36 0.11 4.07 1.21 72.72 5.42 42.68 2.68 120.83 8.38
C. America 0.05 0.02 0.96 0.18 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.26 2.06 0.30
N. America 2.40 0.12 42.53 1.01 55.07 2.23 53.31 4.26 153.31 4.45
Oceania <0.01 <0.01 15.84 1.30 <0.01 <0.01 0.07 0.01 15.91 1.31
crop nitrogen (KT) nitrogen (MMT)
Asia 221.14 7.43 14.90 1.31 19.12 1.43 1.51 0.20 256.67 7.81 63.99 0.25
Europe 5.41 0.22 1403.59 58.13 127.28 16.30 245.54 8.18 1781.82 75.09 14.74 0.11
Africa 1.63 0.79 0.36 0.13 7.17 2.23 12.03 4.63 21.19 5.34 3.88 0.18
S. America 20.44 1.58 84.56 25.13 4261.57 317.62 653.00 41.00 5019.56 363.06 7.29 0.41
C. America 0.76 0.31 20.00 3.65 0.13 0.07 16.04 4.00 36.93 5.07 1.73 0.13
N. America 36.02 1.73 884.71 21.08 3226.81 130.87 815.65 65.17 4963.19 141.56 14.34 0.06
Oceania <0.01 <0.01 329.37 27.03 0.20 0.01 1.14 0.17 330.72 27.15 1.86 0.05
crop phosphorus (KT) phosphorus (MMT)
Asia 42.75 1.44 2.86 0.25 2.58 0.19 0.31 0.04 48.50 1.49 24.56 1.03
Europe 1.05 0.04 269.92 11.18 17.16 2.20 49.75 1.66 337.88 13.68 3.73 0.06
Africa 0.32 0.15 0.07 0.03 0.97 0.30 2.44 0.94 3.79 0.98 1.47 0.05
S. America 3.95 0.30 16.26 4.83 574.51 42.82 132.31 8.31 727.03 52.08 6.37 0.20
C. America 0.15 0.06 3.85 0.70 0.02 0.01 3.25 0.81 7.26 1.01 0.73 0.08
N. America 6.96 0.33 170.14 4.05 435.01 17.64 165.26 13.20 777.38 20.99 5.06 0.06
Oceania <0.01 <0.01 63.34 5.20 0.03 <0.01 0.23 0.04 63.60 5.22 1.24 0.02