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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2021 Mar 11;34(8):839–850.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2021.03.002

Table 1.

Clinical and Imaging Characteristics

Overall (n=200) RVH* + (n=93) RVH* − (n=107) P

CLINICAL
Age (year) 59.9 ± 16.2 57.7 ± 16.8 61.9 ± 15.5 0.06
Male sex 53% (106) 53% (49) 53% (57) 0.94
Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors
  Hypertension 59% (118) 57% (52) 61% (65) 0.59
  Hypercholesterolemia 52% (103) 45% (42) 57% (61) 0.09
  Diabetes Mellitus 24% (47) 25% (23) 22% (24) 0.70
  Tobacco Use 37% (74) 34% (32) 39% (42) 0.48
  Family History 21% (41) 20% (19) 21% (22) 0.98
Coronary Artery Disease 34% (67) 22% (20) 44% (47) 0.001
  Prior Myocardial Infarction 27% (53) 15% (14) 36% (39) 0.001
Cardiovascular Medications
  Beta-blocker 55% (109) 52% (48) 57% (61) 0.45
  ACE-Inhibitor/Angiotensin Receptor Blocker 42% (83) 36% (33) 47% (50) 0.11
  Loop diuretic 38% (76) 53% (49) 25% (27) <0.001
  HMG CoA-Reductase Inhibitor 49% (98) 41% (38) 56% (60) 0.03
  Aspirin 51% (101) 44% (41) 56% (60) 0.09
CARDIAC MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTION
Echocardiography
Right Ventricle
  Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (cm) 1.87 ± 0.56 1.79 ± 0.58 1.94 ± 0.53 0.08
  RV peak systolic annular velocity – S’ (mm/s) 11.8 ± 3.4 10.9 ± 3.0 12.5 ± 3.5 0.001
  RV dysfunction 20% (34) 25% (21) 14% (13) 0.07
  Advanced (≥ moderate) tricuspid regurgitation 17% (33) 32% (29) 4 (4%) <0.001
Left Ventricle
  Ejection Fraction (%) 52.6 ± 17.2 53.2 ± 17.7 52.1 ± 16.9 0.67
  End-diastolic diameter (cm) 5.3 ± 0.9 5.3 ± 1.0 5.2 ± 0.7 0.42
  End-systolic diameter (cm) 3.9 ± 1.1 3.9 ± 1.2 3.8 ± 1.0 0.52
  Myocardial Mass (g) 175.8 ± 70.5 176.9 ± 76.8 174.8 ± 64.2 0.64
   (g/m2) 93.8 ± 35.4 92.6 ± 38.0 95.1 ± 32.9 0.84
Pulmonary Arterial Systolic Pressure (mmHg) 51.1 ± 27.1 68.0 ± 28.6 36.4 ± 14.3 <0.001
  Pulmonary hypertension (PASP ≥35mmHg) 60% (120) 82% (76) 41% (44) <0.001
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Right Ventricle
  Ejection fraction (%) 46.6 ± 13.2 39.4 ± 13.3 53.0 ± 9.2 <0.001
  End-diastolic volume (ml) 170.8 ± 63.2 216.7 ± 57.7 130.9 ± 34.2 <0.001
   (ml/m2) 92.1 ± 32.9 115.2 ± 31.6 72.0 ± 16.9 <0.001
  End-systolic volume (ml) 95.3 ± 54.5 133.4 ± 56.0 62.2 ± 22.1 <0.001
   (ml/m2) 51.4 ± 29.4 71.4 ± 31.3 34.1 ± 11.2 <0.001
  Myocardial Mass (g) 32.2 ± 13.2 42.8 ± 11.7 23.0 ± 4.6 <0.001
   (g/m2) 17.4 ± 7.0 22.9 ± 6.7 12.7 ± 2.3 <0.001
  RV mass/volume ratio (g/ml) 0.19 ± 0.04 0.20 ± 0.04 0.18 ± 0.04 0.001
Left Ventricle
  Ejection fraction (%) 55.2 ± 16.5 55.9 ± 17.6 54.7 ± 15.5 0.61
  End-diastolic volume (ml) 154.3 ± 70.1 165.4 ± 85.3 144.7 ± 52.1 0.04
   (ml/m2) 82.7 ± 34.3 86.6 ± 41.4 79.4 ± 26.3 0.15
  End-systolic volume (ml) 75.6 ± 64.4 81.7 ± 80.4 70.4 ± 46.1 0.23
   (ml/m2) 40.4 ± 32.8 42.9 ± 40.6 38.3 ± 24.0 0.35
  Myocardial Mass (g) 140.4 ± 52.5 150.7 ± 62.8 131.4 ± 39.9 0.02
   (g/m2) 75.2 ± 25.4 79.2 ± 30.3 71.8 ± 19.9 0.054

Data presented as mean ± standard deviation (data in parentheses refer to range for each respective variable)

*

Defined by the reference standard of CMR using established criteria(1) (males: >31.9g, females: >26.4g in females)

Defined by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion <1.6cm and RV peak systolic annular velocity <10mm/sec