Table 3.

Univariable and multivariable predictors of lung function change over time.

	Univariable Analysis		Multivariable Analysis
Imaging characteristic	Parameter Estimate (95% CI)	P-Value	Parameter Estimate (95% CI)	P-value
Airway Measurements
WA%	−0.13 (−0.23 to −0.04)	<0.01 †	−0.15 (−0.26 to −0.05)	<0.01 †
WT%	−0.09 (−0.32 to 0.14)	0.45	−0.12 (−0.37 to 0.12)	0.32
Lumen area, mm2	0.09 (0.04 to 0.15)	<0.01 †	0.10 (0.04 to 0.15)	<0.001 ‡
Pi10, mm	−0.54 (−3.27 to 2.19)	0.70	0.11 (−3.33 to 3.55)	0.95
Lung Density Measurements
Air trapping, % voxels ≤−856HU at FRC	0.001 (−0.03 to 0.03)	0.97	−0.01 (−0.04 to 0.02)	0.55
PRMSAD, %	0.002 (−0.03 to 0.03)	0.89	−0.01 (−0.04 to 0.02)	0.58
DPMSAD, %	0.004 (−0.02 to 0.02)	0.71	0 (−0.02, 0.02)	0.71
Hyperinflation, % voxels ≤−950HU at TLC	−0.29 (−0.46 to −0.13)	<0.001 ‡	−0.25 (−0.41 to −0.09)	<0.01 †
PRMHyperinflation, %	−0.21 (−0.52 to 0.1)	0.19	−0.13 (−0.40 to 0.15)	0.38
DPMHyperinflation, %	−0.03 (−0.15 to 0.08)	0.56	0 (−0.11, 0.10)	0.94
Lung Deformation (Jacobian) Measurements
Mean	0.05 (−0.76 to 0.86)	0.90	0 (−0.74 to 0.74)	0.99
SD	−0.55 (−1.77 to 0.68)	0.38	−0.26 (−1.41 to 0.89)	0.66
GradientCC	10.4 (3.32 to 17.49)	<0.01 †	10.64 (3.79 to 17.49)	<0.01 †
GradientPA	−8.12 (−14.75 to −1.49)	0.02 *	−9.14 (−15.49 to −2.78)	<0.01 †

Univariable comparisons were adjusted for baseline post-bronchodilator FEV₁% predicted and use of biologics. Multivariable models were adjusted for baseline post-bronchodilator FEV₁% predicted, biologic use, body mass index (BMI), FEV₁% response to triamcinolone, exacerbation frequency in the year prior to SARP-3 enrollment, baseline blood eosinophil count, and other significant covariates. WA%: wall area percent; WT%: wall thickness percent; Pi10: inner perimeter of 10 mm; FRC: functional residual capacity; PRM: parametric response mapping; SAD: functional small airway disease; TLC: total lung capacity; DPM: disease probability measure; PA: posterior – anterior; CC: cranial – caudal.

^*P < 0.05

^†P < 0.01

^‡P < 0.001.