Table 1.

Distribution of Serotonin Receptors on Cells Showing Serotonin-Induced Proliferation

Receptor	Cell type – signaling pathway (if known)	Reference
5-HT1A	Neurons Prostate cancer: MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt	Segi-Nishida, 201792 Dizeyi et al, 2011116
5-HT1B	Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells: ERK1/2, PDK	Liu et al, 201385
5-HT1D	Intestinal epithelium: WNT/β-catenin	Sui et al, 2015108
5-HT2A	Pulmonary artery fibroblasts: p38 MAPK Hepatocytes: protein kinase C Mouse fibroblast tumor: ERK1/2	Welsh et al, 200481 Balasubramanian and Paulose,88 1998; Lesurtel et al, 20064 Launay et al, 199680
5-HT2B	Neural crest cells Myocardial precursor cells Fibroblast: MAPK/cyclin D1, MAPK/cyclin E	Choi et al, 199798 Choi et al, 199798 Nebigil et al, 200079
5-HTR2C	Hepatocytes: protein kinase C	Balasubramanian and Paulose,88 1998; Lesurtel et al, 20064
5-HT3	Intestinal epithelium Enteric neurons	Bertrand et al, 200053 Cunningham et al, 198755
5-HT4	Neurons in hippocampus Intestinal epithelium Enteric neurons Mesangial kidney cells: protein kinase A, ERK1/2 Ovarian tumor cells	Segi-Nishida 201792 Pauwelyn and Lefebvre, 201770 Liu et al, 200967 Norum et al, 200378 Henriksen et al, 201277
5-HT7	Osteosarcoma: p38 MAPK, ERK2	Ballou et al, 2018114

NOTE. Italics indicate neoplastic cell types.

ERK, extracellular-signal regulated kinase; PDK, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase; PI3K, phosphoinositide-3 kinase.