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. 2021 Jul 26;12:698193. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698193

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Copyright © 2021 Schetelig, Heidenreich, Baldauf, Trost, Falk, Hoßbach, Real, Roers, Lindemann, Dalpke, Kolditz, de With, Bornhäuser, Bonifacio, Rücker-Braun, Lange, Markert, Barth, Hofmann, Sauter, Bernas and Schmidt

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Impact of selected HLA supertypes and allotypes on COVID-19 severity. (A) Assignment of HLA allotypes into HLA-supertypes based on peptide binding characteristics. Supertype-specific amino acids at peptide anchor positions 2 and 9 are indicated with capital letters exemplary for supertypes A02 and B07. (B) The relative proportions of HLA alleles constituting supertypes A02, B07, and DR4 are depicted as doughnut charts. (C, D) Impact of supertypes and single alleles on symptomatic infections (blue), severe respiratory symptoms (orange) and respiratory hospitalizations (red). Point estimates for odds ratios (represented as colored dots) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (represented by colored bars) illustrate the effects of presence versus absence of supertypes (C) and allotypes (D). Absolute numbers of patients with presence/absence of the supertype/allotype are provided on the left side. p-values of Wald tests and in brackets adjusted p values for multiple testing are given on the right side.