Table 1. Characteristics of the included studies for pathological parameters.
| Study | Year | Country | PCA (age) | BPH (age) | Normal prostate (age) | Method (thickness) | Definition of OPN positive | Indicator reported | Antibody source | NOS score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tatina et al. [38] | 2011 | Brazil | 29 (52–79) | 18 (62–87) | 30 (18–36) | Western blot | Have band | ABCFG | Invitrogen | 9 |
| Wang et al. [39] | 2016 | China | 80 (55–85) | —— | 80 (55–85) | IHC (unclear) |
>1 points (IHC score) | AEFG | Zymed | 7 |
| Caruso et al. [26] | 2008 | U.S.A. | 103 | —— | —— | IHC (unclear) |
intensity > 1 | C | R&D | 7 |
| Wu et al. [40] | 2005 | China | 46 (53–70) | 12 (<40) | 6 (<40) | IHC (unclear) |
>1 points (IHC score) | ABCEF | Chemicon | 9 |
| Tilli et al. [41] | 2012 | Brazil | 40 (41–74) | 30 (58–87) | —— | IHC (4 μm) and RT-PCR |
[OPNa+ OPNb+ OPNc] >29.34/1.75/9.0 |
BCD | Gallus Immunotech |
7 |
| Zheng et al. [42] | 2014 | China | 80 (55–86) | 35 (55–82) | 35 (55–82) | IHC (4 μm) |
>1 points (IHC score) | BCDG | Abbiotec | 7 |
| Flajollet et al. [43] | 2011 | France | 35 (63) | —— | —— | IHC (4 μm) |
>10% cells stained | C | Santa Cruz | 7 |
| Yu et al. [44] | 2010 | China | 46 (44–70) | 10 (<40) | 6 (<40) | IHC (4 μm) |
>1 points (IHC score) | ABCEF | Chemicon | 9 |
| Xu et al. [45] | 2018 | China | 100 (54–87) | —— | —— | IHC (unclear) |
>1 points (IHC score) | CDH | Linghan Shanghai |
7 |
| Wang et al. [46] | 2006 | China | 52 (47–83) | 51 (42–81) | 50 (44–79) | IHC (4 μm) and ELISA |
—— | H | R&D | 8 |
| Tozawa et al. [18] | 1999 | Japan | 34 | 12 | —— | IHC (unclear) |
>10% cells stained | BEF | ABC | 7 |
| Forootan et al. [32] | 2006 | U.K. | 70 (73) | 36 (67.5) | 10 | IHC (unclear) |
>10% cells stained | ABC | R&D | 9 |
| Xia et al. [47] | 2012 | China | 108 (60–78) | 100 (57–82) | —— | IHC (4um) |
>1 points (IHC score) | BFG | Unknown | 7 |
| Wei et al. [48] | 2018 | China | 46 (59–86) | 29 | —— | IHC (unclear) |
>1 points (IHC score) | BCDH | Biosin | 7 |
Abbreviations: IHC, immunohistochemistry; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IHC sore, the unstained, weakly stained, moderately stained and strongly stained cells were given 0, 1, 2, 3 scores, separately. Indicator reported: A: OPN with prostate cancer tissues and normal prostate tissues; B: OPN with prostate cancer tissues and benign prostate hyperplasia tissues; C: OPN with Gleason score of prostate cancer tissues; D: OPN with clinical TNM stage of prostate cancer tissues; E: OPN with clinical Whitmore stage of prostate cancer tissues; F: OPN with the differentiation of prostate cancer tissues; G: OPN with lymph node metastatic of prostate cancer tissues H: OPN with organ or bone metastatic prostate cancer tissues.