Table 1.
Characteristics of studies on the engagement of social media−delivered health interventions among sexual and gender minorities.
| Author(s), country, year | Study type, intervention length | Platform or app | Participants |
Reporting quality scorea | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Age range, mean | Race/ethnicity (%) | Cis-women (%) | Sexual identity (%) | Transgender (%) | ||||
|
Zhu et al., 2019 China |
Feasibility and acceptability, 6 months | 100 | 18+, N/R | N/R | 0 | Gay: 78 MSM: 100 |
0 | 27/40 | |
|
Vogel et al., 2019a, Vogel et al., 2019b USAb |
Feasibility and acceptability, 30 days | 27 | 18–25, 19.7 | White: 74.1 Black: 14.8 Asian: 3.7 Hawaiian or Pacific Islander: 3.7 Alaskan or Native American: 7.4 Hispanic/Latino: 14.8 Arab, non-White: 3.7 |
40.7 | Gay or lesbian: 22.2 Bisexual: 56.6 Queer: 7.4 Pansexual: 29.6 |
7.4 | 24/40 | |
|
Cao et al., 2019 China |
Effectiveness trial, 1 year | 1033 | 16+, 25.3 | N/R | 0 | Gay: 72 MSM: 100 |
0 | 22/37 | |
|
Vogel et al., 2019a, Vogel et al., 2019b USAb |
Effectiveness trial, 1 year | 500 | 18–25, N/R | White: 73.8 Black: 2.6 Alaskan or Native American: 1.0 Asian or Pacific Islander: 1.2 Hispanic/Latino: 6.9 Multiple races: 14.5 |
54.6 | SGM: 27 | 0.6 | 17/37 | |
|
Washington et al., 2017 USA |
Feasibility and acceptability, 6 weeks | 42 | 18–30, 23 | Black: 100 | 0 | MSM: 100 | N/R | 15/40 | |
|
Anand et al., 2015 Thailand |
Feasibility and acceptability, 40 months | Adam's Love | 1181 | 14+, N/R | N/R | 0 | Gay or MSM: 92.3 Bisexual: 6.1 |
1.6 | 15/40 |
|
Lelutiu-Weinberger et al., 2015 USA |
Feasibility and acceptability, 3 months | 41 | 18–29, 25.2 | White: 53.7 Black: 17.1 Hispanic/Latino: 22.0 Other: 7.3 |
0 | Gay: 85.4 Bisexual: 12.2 Uncertain: 2.4 MSM: 100 |
N/R | 20/40 | |
|
Horvath et al., 2013 USAc |
Feasibility and acceptability, 8 weeks | Thrive With Me | 123 | 18+, 42.7 | White: 64.2 Black: 33.3 Multi-ethnic/other: 2.4 Hispanic: 9.8 |
0 | MSM: 100 | 0 | 22/40 |
|
Pedrana et al., 2013 Australia |
Feasibility and acceptability, 12 months | Facebook, YouTube | N/R | 13+, N/R | N/R | N/R | N/R | N/R | 16/40 |
|
Young & Jaganath, 2013 USA |
Feasibility and acceptability, 12 weeks | 57 | 18+, 31.2 | White: 8.8 Black: 29.8 Asian: 1.8 Hispanic/Latino: 59.7 |
N/R | Gay: 73.7 Bisexual: 17.5 Heterosexual/ questioning/ don't know: 8.8 MSM: 100 |
N/R | 20/40 | |
|
Bull et al., 2012 USA |
Efficacy trial, 8 weeks | 1578 | 16–25, 20 | White: 30.1 Black: 34.9 Asian: 19.4 Hawaiian or Pacific Islander: 0.8 Alaskan or Native American: 0.8 Hispanic/Latino: 13.7 Other: 10.5 |
N/R | N/R | N/R | 22/37 | |
|
Patel et al., 2020 India |
Feasibility and acceptability, 12 weeks | 244 | 18+, N/R | N/R | 0 | Gay, homosexual, or queer: 71.7 Bisexual: 25.8 Straight or heterosexual: 3.3 MSM: 100 |
N/R | 19/40 | |
|
Tanner et al., 2018 USA |
Feasibility and acceptability, 12 months | Facebook, GPS-based mobile apps (A4A/Radar, badoo, Grindr, Jack'd, SCRUFF) | 91 | 16–34, 25 | White: 1.1 Black: 79.1 Hispanic/Latino: 13.2 Multi-racial: 6.6 |
0 | MSM: 100 | N/R | 23/40 |
|
Elliot et al., 2016 UK |
Feasibility and acceptability, 24 months | Gaydar, Grindr, Recon, and Facebook | 321 | N/R, 34.5 | N/R | 0 | MSM: 100 | N/R | 16/40 |
|
Alarcón Gutiérrez et al., 2018 Spaind |
Feasibility and acceptability, 4 months | Grindr, PlanetRomeo, and Wapo | 2656 | 18+, N/R | N/R | 0 | MSM: 100 | N/R | 16/40 |
|
Huang et al., 2017 USA |
Feasibility and acceptability, 1 month | Dating/Hook-up App | 122 | 18+, N/R | Black: 14 Hispanic/Latino: 86 |
0 | MSM: 100 | N/R | 16/40 |
|
Lampkin et al., 2016 USAb |
Feasibility and acceptability, 1 year | Grindr | 816 | 18+, N/R | White: 26.3 Black: 2.5 Asian: 8.3 Hispanic/Latino: 17.9 Mixed/other: 9.9 Not reported: 35 |
0 | MSM: 100 | N/R | 16/40 |
|
Sun et al., 2015 USA |
Feasibility and acceptability, 6 months | A4A Radar, Grindr, Jack'd, and Scruff | N/R | N/R, N/R | N/R | N/R | MSM: 100 | N/R | 21/40 |
N/R: not reported.
a
Assessed using CONSORT 2010 main statement (37 possible points) and extension to randomized pilot and feasibility trials (40 possible points).
b
Demographic assessment allowed participants to select multiple responses and therefore, percentages may not add up to 100.
c
Race/ethnicity variables were reported with different categories from the ones reported in this review, therefore, percentages may not add up to 100.
d
Sexual orientation was reported for only 79 study participants, as opposed to the entire sample of 2656 persons.