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. 2021 Jul;9(14):1156. doi: 10.21037/atm-21-2696

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2021 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network. Diamond-shaped nodes represent lncRNAs; rectangular nodes represent miRNAs; and oval-shaped nodes represent mRNAs. Green represents downregulation and red shows co-upregulation. (A) The whole lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network; (B) the subnetworks of five hub miRNAs with their first neighbors. LncRNA, long non-coding RNA; miRNA, microRNA; mRNA, messenger RNA.