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Effect of defoliation and fruit removal main effects on bud break (A,B), flowering (C,D), veraison (E,F) and leaf senescence (G,H) of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine in 2017, 2018, and 2019 (green, black and red columns, respectively). Columns with different letters indicated by the same color are significantly different according to Tukey's HSD at P < 0.05. Interaction of defoliation and fruit removal not significant at either phenology measurement point in any year.
