Table 1.
Patient characteristics by serological status in those with no evidence of previous natural infection
| Characteristics | n | First dose (n=119) | n | Second dose (n=91) | |||||
| Non-seroconversion | Seroconversion | P value | Non-seroconversion | Seroconversion | P value | ||||
| n=85 (71.4%) | n=34 (28.6%) | n=37 (40.7%) | n=54 (59.3%) | ||||||
| Gender | Male | 62 | 44 (71.0) | 18 (29.0) | 49 | 20 (40.8) | 29 (59.2) | ||
| Female | 57 | 41 (71.9) | 16 (28.1) | 42 | 17 (40.5) | 25 (59.5) | |||
| Age | Years (IQR) | 52.0 (39.9–63.9) | 56.2 (36.1–60.7) | 60.5 (43.8–69.5) | 51.8 (37.3–60.2) | 0.05 | |||
| Ethnicity | White | 62 | 44 (71.0) | 18 (29.0) | 50 | 22 (44.0) | 28 (56.0) | ||
| Black | 10 | 7 (70.0) | 3 (30.0) | 7 | 1 (14.8) | 6 (85.2) | |||
| South Asian | 34 | 24 (70.6)) | 10 (19.6) | 27 | 12 (44.4) | 15 (55.6) | |||
| Mixed-race | 7 | 6 (85.7) | 1 (14.3) | 3 | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | |||
| Other | 6 | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 4 | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | |||
| Diagnosis | AAV and anti-GBM disease | 45 | 35 (77.8) | 10 (22.2) | 34 | 17 (50.0) | 17 (50.0) | ||
| Podocytopathy* | 28 | 18 (64.3) | 10 (35.7) | 25 | 12 (48.0) | 13 (52.0) | |||
| Membranous GN | 23 | 15 (65.2) | 8 (34.8) | 21 | 6 (28.6) | 15 (71.4) | |||
| SLE | 19 | 14 (73.7) | 5 (26.3) | 8 | 1 (12.5) | 7 (87.5) | |||
| Other† | 4 | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 3 | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | |||
| Comorbidities | Diabetes | 19 | 17 (89.5) | 2 (10.5) | 16 | 9 (56.3) | 7 (43.7) | ||
| Asthma/COPD | 25 | 17 (68.0) | 8 (32.0) | 14 | 4 (28.6) | 10 (71.4) | |||
| Previous malignancy | 6 | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 4 | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | |||
| Immunotherapy | Previous rituximab | 99 | 77 (77.8) | 22 (22.2) | 0.002 | 75 | 35 (46.7) | 40 (53.3) | 0.01 |
| Last 6 months | 56 | 49 (87.5) | 7 (12.5) | 0.016 | 44 | 26 (59.1) | 18 (40.9) | 0.0007 | |
| Tacrolimus | 23 | 17 (73.9) | 6 (26.0) | 21 | 7 (33.3) | 14 (67.7) | |||
| Azathioprine | 13 | 6 (46.1) | 7 (53.9) | 8 | 3 (37.5) | 5 (62.5) | |||
| MMF | 7 | 5 (71.4) | 2 (29.6) | 13 | 6 (46.2) | 7 (53.8) | |||
| Methotrexate | 3 | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 2 | 0 | 2 (100) | |||
| Prednisolone | 52 | 40 (76.9) | 12 (23.1) | 36 | 14 (38.9) | 22 (61.1) | |||
| ≥10 mg | 19 | 13 (68.4) | 6 (31.6) | 11 | 5 (45.5) | 6 54.5) | |||
| Belimumab | 4 | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 1 | 0 | 1 (100) | |||
| No current IS | 4 | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | 4 | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | |||
| Previous CYP | 58 | 47 (81.0) | 11 (19.0) | 0.03 | 41 | 18 (43.9) | 23 66.1) | ||
| Vaccine | AZ/ChAdOx1 | 34 | 29 (85.3) | 5 (14.7) | 0.04 | 22 | 16 (72.3) | 6 (37.7) | 0.0009 |
| Pfizer/ BNT162b2 | 85 | 56 (65.9) | 29 (34.1) | 69 | 21 (30.4) | 48 (69.6) | |||
| Clinical parameter | B-cell depletion | 64 | 54 (63.5) | 10 (29.4) | 0.001 | 49 | 28 (57.1) | 21 (42.9) | 0.0006 |
| Hypogammaglobulinaemia | 25 | 19 (76.0) | 6 (34.0) | 22 | 12 (54.5) | 10 (45.5) | |||
Comparison between groups by χ2 test.
*Podocytopathy included minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
†Other diagnoses included C3 glomerulopathy and IgG4-related disease.
AAV, ANCA-associated vasculitis; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CYP, cyclophosphamide; GBM, glomerular basement membrane; IS, immunosuppressed; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.