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. 2020 Sep 16;11(7):1104–1120. doi: 10.1177/2192568220948814

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© The Author(s) 2020

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 9. — Forest plot of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies comparing recurrence rates between the endoscopic discectomy (ED) group and the microdiscectomy (MD) group.