Table 1.
Demographics, cognitive and behavioural screening across the ALS‐FTD spectrum.
| ALS (n = 28) | ALS‐Plus (n = 9) | ALS‐FTD (n = 11) | bvFTD (n = 27) | Controls (n = 25) | F value | p value | Effect size | Post hoc | p value | Confidence intervals | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C9orf72 Carriers (%) | 7 | 11 | 64 | 22 | 0 | ||||||
| Sex (M:F) | 22:6 | 7:2 | 10:1 | 17:10 | 13:12 | — | 0.076 | — | |||
| Age (years) | 63.2 ± 10.2 | 61.6 ± 13.4 | 60.6 ± 8.2 | 63.7 ± 8.5 | 60 ± 10.5 | 0.303 | 0.846 | 0.017 | |||
| Education (years) | 13 ± 3.4 | 12.9 ± 3.6 | 12.7 ± 2.1 | 12.5 ± 2.6 | 13.6 ± 2.1 | 0.369 | 0.83 | 0.023 | |||
| Disease duration (years) | 2 ± 1.9 | 3 ± 3.5 | 4.5 ± 4.6 | 6.2 ± 4.3 | — | 5.721 | 0.002 | 0.222 | bvFTD > ALS | 0.001 | 1.35–7 |
| ACE‐III (max 100) | 94.7 ± 3.2 | 88.6 ± 8.2 | 77.5 ± 9.6 | 78.2 ± 11.4 | 96.6 ± 2.5 | 18.458 | <0.001 | 0.497 | ALS > bvFTD | <0.001 | −23.1 to −9.9 |
| ALS‐P > FTD | 0.01 | −19.1 to −1.6 | |||||||||
| HC > bvFTD | <0.001 | −25.9 to −10.3 | |||||||||
| ALS > ALS‐FTD | <0.001 | 8.5–25.9 | |||||||||
| HC > ALS‐ FTD | <0.001 | −28.4 to −9.2 | |||||||||
| ALS‐P>ALS‐FTD | 0.03 | −21.4 to −0.7 | |||||||||
| ALSFRS | 39.7 ± 10 | 40.1 ± 7.1 | 39.5 ± 3.5 | — | — | 0.783 | |||||
| CBI total score | 15.4 ± 9.9 | 32.1 ± 16.3 | 60 ± 28.1 | 63.4 ± 25.6 | — | 29.308 | <0.001 | 0.647 | FTD > ALS | <0.001 | 29.8–66.2 |
| FTD > ALS‐P | <0.001 | 9.3–53.2 | |||||||||
| ALS‐FTD > ALS | <0.001 | −68.8 to −20.4 | |||||||||
| ALS‐FTD > ALS‐P | 0.04 | −55 to −0.75 | |||||||||
| ALS onset (limb:bulbar) | 20:8 | 6:3 | 6:5 | — | — | — | 0.54 | — |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Significant values are highlighted in bold. Effect size measured as Eta2.