Table 3.
Associations of maternal APOL1 risk alleles with preeclampsia
| Group | APOL1 risk allele | Cont., n (%) | Cases, n (%) | ORa | 95% CIa | Pa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 0 | 115 (55.0) | 98 (46.4) | Ref | 1.00–1.00 | |
| 1 | 69 (33.0) | 86 (40.8) | 1.50 | 0.93–2.40 | 0.09 | |
| 2b | 25 (12.0) | 27 (12.8) | 1.11 | 0.55–2.23 | 0.8 | |
| Recessive | 25 (12.0) | 27 (12.8) | 0.95 | 0.49–1.86 | 0.9 | |
| Dominant | 94 (45.0) | 113 (53.6) | 1.39 | 0.90–2.14 | 0.1 | |
| Additive | - | - | 1.17 | 0.86–1.60 | 0.3 | |
| APOL1 × maternal country-of-origin Interaction† | ||||||
| APOL1 risk allele in a recessive model | 0.02 | |||||
| APOL1 risk allele in a dominant model | 0.1 | |||||
| APOL1 risk allele in an additive model | 0.03 | |||||
| Stratified by maternal country-of-origin | ||||||
| African-Americans | 0 | 75 (56.4) | 56 (40.9) | Ref | 1.00–1.00 | |
| 1 | 45 (33.8) | 60 (43.8) | 1.63 | 0.89–2.98 | 0.1 | |
| 2c | 13 (9.8) | 21 (15.3) | 2.20 | 0.91–5.34 | 0.08 | |
| Recessive | 13 (9.8) | 21 (15.3) | 1.81 | 0.77–4.23 | 0.2 | |
| Dominant | 58 (43.6) | 81 (59.1) | 1.76 | 1.01–3.06 | 0.05 | |
| Additive | 1.53 | 1.02–2.28 | 0.04 | |||
| Haitian | 0 | 40 (52.6) | 42 (56.8) | Ref | 1.00–1.00 | |
| 1 | 24 (31.6) | 26 (35.1) | 1.15 | 0.51–2.56 | 0.7 | |
| 2d | 12 (15.8) | 6 (8.1) | 0.31 | 0.08–1.17 | 0.08 | |
| Recessive | 12 (15.8) | 6 (8.1) | 0.30 | 0.08–1.09 | 0.07 | |
| Dominant | 36 (47.4) | 32 (43.2) | 0.83 | 0.40–1.74 | 0.6 | |
| Additive | 0.72 | 0.42–1.23 | 0.2 | |||
Shown are associations of maternal APOL1 risk alleles with preeclampsia, stratified by maternal country-of-origin .
a
Adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI category, smoking status during pregnancy, Alcohol drinking during pregnancy, chronic hypertension, country-of-origin (for the analyses in the total sample only) and years the mothers stayed in the US.
b,c,d
The 2-degree of freedom test was performed for maternal APOL1 risk allele, bP=0.2 in the total sample, cP= 0.1 in African-Americans, and dP=0.1 in Haitian subset.
†
In the interaction test, maternal country-of-origin is traited as a binary variable with the “African-American” category as the reference group.