Table 2. Clinical and HIV-related parameters stratified by telomere shortening (TS).
| No ST (N=76) | ST (N=73) | P | |
| Age, yrs [mean (SD)] | 46.49 (9.94) | 50.74 (9.97) | 0,010 |
| Sex [male (%)] | 58 (76.3) | 59 (80.8) | 0,638 |
| Transmission group, (%) | 0,334 | ||
| Homosexual/bisexual | 35 (46.1) | 28 (38.9) | |
| Heterosexual | 24 (31.6) | 31 (43.1) | |
| Intravenous drug users | 13 (17.1) | 12 (16.7) | |
| Others/unknown | 4 (5.3) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 1 (1.3) | 9 (12.5) | 0,017 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 7 (9.2) | 20 (27.8) | 0,007 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 23 (30.3) | 24 (32.9) | 0,867 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 0,794 | ||
| Nonsmoker | 32 (42.1) | 30 (42.9) | |
| Current smoker | 43 (56.6) | 38 (54.3) | |
| Past smoker | 1 (1.3) | 2 (2.9) | |
| Drug user, n (%) | 12 (16.4) | 7 (10.1) | 0,393 |
| Exercise, n (%) | 0,809 | ||
| No exercise | 21 (29.6) | 20 (30.3) | |
| Mild | 10 (14.1) | 13 (19.7) | |
| Moderate | 17 (23.9) | 15 (22.7) | |
| Intensive | 23 (32.4) | 18 (27.3) | |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 3 (4.1) | 4 (5.6) | 0,955 |
| Carotid plaques, n (%) | 7 (9.9) | 16 (23.9) | 0,048 |
| Carotid SCA, n (%) | 27 (38.0) | 34 (50.7) | 0,183 |
| Left carotid bulb IMT mm* | 0.80 [0.72-0.94] | 0.86 [0.74, 1.03] | 0,041 |
| Left common carotid IMT* | 0.63 [0.52-0.71] | 0.70 [0.56, 0.80] | 0,01 |
| Framingham risk score* | 2.00 [1.00-4.00] | 4.00 [2.00-5.00] | 0,011 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.9) | 0,446 |
| Hepatitis C virus Ab, n (%) | 15 (20.5) | 15 (21.4) | 1,0 |
| SVS, n (%) | 0,560 | ||
| No SVS | 1 (8.3) | 1 (9.1) | |
| Yes SVS | 11 (91.7) | 9 (81.8) | |
| Others/unknown | 0 (0.0) | 1 (9.1) | |
| HBSAg (%) | 1 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1,0 |
| CD4 nadir* | 249.0 [141.0, 367.2] | 268.0 [119.0, 443.0] | 0,615 |
| CDC HIV stage, n (%) | 0,194 | ||
| Stage A | 32 (48.5) | 21 (35.6) | |
| Stage B | 23 (34.8) | 21 (35.6) | |
| Stage C | 11 (16.7) | 17 (28.8) | |
| AIDS (%) | 11 (16.2) | 20 (29.9) | 0,092 |
| On ART, n (%) | 0,566 | ||
| Protease inhibitor, n (%) | 20 (26.3) | 20 (27.4) | 1,0 |
| NNRTI, n (%) | 25 (32.9) | 22 (31.0) | 0,943 |
| Integrase inhibitor, n (%) | 35 (46.1) | 40 (56.3) | 0,279 |
| Other ART combination (%) | 12 (15.8) | 11 (15.5) | 1,0 |
| Time on ART, yrs [mean (SD)] | 3.83 [1.91, 6.69] | 4.38 [2.14, 9.67] | 0,461 |
| BMI* | 25.55 [23.52-28.47] | 27.19 [23.84-29.84] | 0,173 |
| Glomerular filtration mL/min* | 89.2 [84.29-94.20] | 84.6 [74.27-95.10] | 0,199 |
| Glucose level-mg/dL* | 91.0 [85.50-99.00] | 95.0 [86.00-106.00] | 0,122 |
| Total cholesterol level-mg/dL* | 182.0 [157.50-221.00] | 184.0 [159.00-216.00] | 0,905 |
| LDL cholesterol level-mg/dL* | 108.0 [85.00-131.50] | 108.0 [86.50-133.00] | 0,908 |
| HDL cholesterol level-mg/dL* | 122.0 [87.00-171.00] | 124.0 [87.00-195.00] | 0,869 |
| Triglyceride levels-mg/dL* | 45.0 [38.00-55.00] | 47.0 [41.00-54.00] | 0,621 |
| CD4+ T-cell count-cells/mL* | 769.0 [531.0-980.2] | 709.0 [466.0-919.0] | 0,179 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio* | 0.77 [0.56-1.1] | 0.86 [0.44-1.17] | 0,848 |
| Fold TS* | 284.1 [243.8-383.3] | 151.2 [108.4-171.2] | 0,001 |
*median [IQR].
SVS, Sustained Viral Suppression; HBSAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; SCA, subclinical atherosclerosis.