Table 2.
Functional imaging results for the main effect of stimulation on brain responses modulated by performance speed during sequence learning.
| Area | x mm | y mm | z mm | k voxels | T | pFWEsvc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activation | ||||||
| cSEQmod-iSEQmod | ||||||
| No significant responses | ||||||
| iSEQmod-cSEQmod | ||||||
| No significant responses in the ROIs | ||||||
| Regression with 𝚫GABA | ||||||
| (iSEQmod-cSEQmod) X (ΔGABAiSEQ-ΔGABAcSEQ) | ||||||
| Hippocampus | 30 | −16 | −18 | 159 | 4.6 | .009 |
| (iSEQmod-cSEQmod) X (ΔGABAcSEQ-ΔGABAiSEQ) | ||||||
| Putamen | −22 | 2 | −2 | 1256 | 5.82 | .002 |
| Right putamen connectivity | ||||||
| cSEQmod-iSEQmod | ||||||
| Caudate | 10 | 12 | −8 | 24 | 3.62 | .033 |
| iSEQmod-cSEQmod | ||||||
| Putamen | 28 | −8 | −2 | 125 | 3.99 | .019 |
| −18 | 4 | −4 | 24 | 3.37 | .048 | |
| Left putamen connectivity | ||||||
| cSEQmod-iSEQmod | ||||||
| No significant responses | ||||||
| iSEQmod-cSEQmod | ||||||
| Putamen | 28 | 8 | 16 | 403 | 5.01 | .003 |
| DLPFC connectivity | ||||||
| cSEQmod-iSEQmod | ||||||
| No significant responses | ||||||
| iSEQmod-cSEQmod | ||||||
| Posterior hippocampus | 22 | −40 | 0 | 42 | 3.85 | .024 |
| Regression between DLPFC connectivity and 𝚫GABA | ||||||
| (iSEQmod-cSEQmod) X (ΔGABAiSEQ-ΔGABAcSEQ) | ||||||
| DLPFC | −30 | 24 | 50 | 69 | 3.72 | .036 |
| (iSEQmod-cSEQmod) X (ΔGABAcSEQ-ΔGABAiSEQ) | ||||||
| Putamen | 20 | 4 | −6 | 829 | 4.61 | .01 |
| 30 | −10 | 0 | 73 | 4.44 | .013 | |
| Hippocampus | −24 | −20 | −12 | 1031 | 4.77 | .008 |
Brain responses significant (pcorr < .05) after family-wise error (FWE) correction for multiple comparisons over a small volume of interest (svc) in the ROIs are reported here. All activations survive Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons within each contrast. Voxels of these maps not surviving correction for multiple comparisons and which were not of interest were not reported. See Supplemental Table S11 for modulation of brain responses by performance speed during practice of the sequential motor task (iSEQmod+ cSEQmod), Supplemental Table S12 for coordinates of areas of interest used for spherical small volume corrections, Supplemental Table S13 for whole brain functional imaging results for the stimulation by task interaction contrasts, and Supplemental Table S14 for whole brain functional imaging results for the main effect of stimulation on brain responses modulated by performance speed during sequence learning.
SEQ = sequence, i = intermittent, c = continuous, mod = modulation contrast, GABA = gamma-aminobutyric acid, DLPFC = dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.