Table 2.
Demographics, clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of survivors and non-survivors
| Variables | Non-survivor (N = 75) | Survivor (N = 2094) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 72 (67, 82) | 61 (50, 69) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | 0.003 | ||
| Male | 49 (65) | 987 (47) | |
| Female | 26 (35) | 1107 (53) | |
| Smoking history | 0.325 | ||
| Never | 66 (88) | 1919 (92) | |
| Former | 3 (4) | 77 (4) | |
| Current | 6 (8) | 98 (5) | |
| Body temperature | < 0.001 | ||
| < 37·3 ℃ | 54 (72) | 1998 (95) | |
| 37.3–38.0 ℃ | 12 (16) | 75 (4) | |
| > 38.0 ℃ | 9 (12) | 21 (1) | |
| Oxygen saturation | < 0.001 | ||
| ≤ 93% | 59 (79) | 211 (10) | |
| > 93% | 16 (21) | 1883 (90) | |
| Heart rate | < 0.001 | ||
| Normal | 51 (68) | 1759 (84) | |
| Abnormal | 24 (32) | 335 (16) | |
| Respiratory rate | < 0.001 | ||
| ≤ 20 per minute | 26 (35) | 1547 (74) | |
| 21–29 per minute | 35 (47) | 493 (24) | |
| ≥ 30 per minute | 14 (19) | 54 (3) | |
| No. of comorbidities | < 0.001 | ||
| 0 | 11 (15) | 1024 (49) | |
| 1 | 17 (23) | 574 (27) | |
| ≥ 2 | 47 (63) | 496 (24) | |
| No. of system symptoms | 0.03 | ||
| 0 | 3 (4) | 90 (4) | |
| 1 | 14 (19) | 714 (34) | |
| 2 | 49 (65) | 1081 (52) | |
| ≥ 3 | 9 (12) | 209 (10) | |
| White blood cell count, × 109/L | 10.2 (7.27, 14.09) | 5.75 (4.71, 6.94) | < 0.001 |
| Neutrophil count, × 109/L | 9.62 (6.8, 13.53) | 3.42 (2.59, 4.46) | < 0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109/L | 0.56 (0.4, 0.8) | 1.56 (1.17, 1.92) | < 0.001 |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio | 16.98 (11.88, 26.16) | 2.18 (1.6, 3.15) | < 0.001 |
| Monocyte count, × 109/L | 0.38 (0.22, 0.64); n = 75 | 0.48 (0.38, 0.59); n = 2087 | 0.002 |
| Eosinophilia count, × 109/L | 0.01 (0, 0.04); n = 75 | 0.11 (0.06, 0.18); n = 2087 | < 0.001 |
| Basophilia count, × 109/L | 0.01 (0, 0.02); n = 75 | 0.03 (0.02, 0.04); n = 2088 | < 0.001 |
| Red blood cell count, × 109/L | 4.02 (3.31, 4.34); n = 75 | 4.02 (3.64, 4.4); n = 2083 | 0.051 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 118 (101, 134); n = 75 | 121 (110, 132); n = 2083 | 0.213 |
| Platelet count, × 109/L | 172 (89, 263); n = 75 | 223 (182, 273); n = 2089 | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 89.33 (38.26, 135.91); n = 75 | 1.18 (0.5, 6.09); n = 2001 | < 0.001 |
| Lactic dehydrogenase, IU/L | 429.14 (366, 541.2); n = 73 | 175.2 (148.9, 211.2); n = 1989 | < 0.001 |
| Interleukin-6, pg/mL | 65.28 (20.41, 154.1); n = 27 | 2.42 (1.5, 5.91); n = 1338 | < 0.001 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.28 (0.14, 0.66); n = 63 | 0.04 (0.03, 0.08); n = 1398 | < 0.001 |
| D-dimer, μg/mL | 2.43 (0.78, 5.61); n = 47 | 0.37 (0.17, 0.74); n = 1074 | < 0.001 |
Data are n (%), n/N (%), or median (IQR), unless specified otherwise. Temperature, oxygen saturation, heart rate and respiratory rate were detected at rest when patients were admitted to hospital
ap values indicate differences between survivors and non-survivors