Table 1.

Materials and dielectric parameters used for electromagnetic field simulations.

Model	Component	Material	σ (S/m)	ɛ r	ρ (g/cm³)
Small tumor model	Tumor growth	Tumor	1.15	66.5	1025.5
	Duke	All tissues	IT’IS database
	Closed layer of CSF	Dura → CSF	2.22	72.8	1007
Large tumor model	Tumor growth	Tumor	1.15	66.5	1025.5
	Brain	40% WM + 60% GM	0.52	50.3	1043
	Brainstem	40% WM + 60% GM	0.52	50.3	1043
	Tissue	Fat	0.07	11.7	911
		Muscle	0.77	58.2	1090.4
	Skull	Bone	0.08	13.5	1908
	Eye	Vitreous humor	1.52	69.0	1004.5
	Optical nerve	Nerve	0.42	37.0	1075
	Chiasm
	Spinal cord
	Vessels	Blood	1.32	65.7	1049.8
	Cavities	Air	0	1	1
	Pituitary gland	Hypothalamus	0.85	62.5	1053
	Hypothalamus
Heavy water resonator (design 1)	Dielectric resonator	Heavy water (D2O)	0.02	81	1000
	Casing	Plexiglass (PMMA)	0.025	3.6	1180
	Antenna substrate	FR-4	0.025	4.3	1800
	Bow tie antenna	PEC
High permittivity resonator (designs 2–10)	Dielectric resonator	Ceramic slurry	0.2	200	6020
	Casing	Plexiglass (PMMA)	0.025	3.6	1180
	Antenna substrate	FR-4	0.025	4.3	1800
	Bow tie antenna	PEC
	Water bolus (designs 9 + 10)	Deionized water	0.016	81	1000

WM: white matter; GM: gray matter.

Parameters sources: tumor tissue [34]; body tissues [35]; D₂O, deionized water, ceramic slurry: bench measurement based on an open-end coaxial probe setup [36,37]; PMMA, FR-4: material datasheets.