Table 1.
Comparison of the Participants’ Characteristics Between Different Food Specific IgG Groups
| Characteristicsa | IgG Negative | IgG Positive | p valuec | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 22) | Overall (n = 67) | With 1 Allergen (n = 36) | With 2 Allergens (n = 23) | With ≥3 Allergens (n = 8) | p valueb | ||
| Age | 42.7 (10.4) | 39.6 (8.8) | 41.3 (9.6) | 38.3 (7.6) | 35.8 (6.8) | 0.19 | 0.21 |
| Gender (%Male) | 45.5% | 28.4% | 30.6% | 34.8% | 0 | 0.18 | 0.19 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.7 (2.8) | 23.8 (3.9) | 24.1 (3.7) | 23.1 (3.9) | 24.6 (4.6) | 0.53 | 0.17 |
| With aura | 4.6% | 16.4% | 8.3% | 34.8% | 0 | 0.017 | 0.28 |
| Chronic migraine | 4.6% | 14.9% | 8.3% | 13.0% | 50% | 0.023 | 0.28 |
| Time elapsed since diagnosis (months) | 61.0 (44.1) | 107.8 (94.4) | 109.7 (113.5) | 107.8 (70.3) | 99.5 (63.6) | 0.96 | 0.0024 |
| MIDAS | 33.3 (15.6) | 50.5 (35.7) | 40.6 (23.1) | 57.1 (37.2) | 76.3 (59.9) | 0.019 | 0.0023 |
| Days with migraine in past 12 weeks | 15.5 (17.2) | 22.0 (19.4) | 17.1 (13.2) | 22.1 (16.7) | 44.0 (33.5) | 0.0011 | 0.14 |
| VAS | 6.5 (1.5) | 7.1 (1.3) | 6.9 (1.5) | 7.2 (1.2) | 7.5 (1.1) | 0.37 | 0.13 |
| HIT-6 | 57.9 (5.5) | 61.7 (6.1) | 59.9 (6.5) | 63.1 (4.5) | 65.8 (6.0) | 0.019 | 0.0095 |
| Days with migraine in past 4 weeks | 4.9 (5.3) | 7.5 (6.5) | 6.3 (4.9) | 6.9 (5.1) | 14.6 (11.5) | 0.0030 | 0.070 |
| MSQ | 25.2 (11.3) | 32.5 (12.8) | 28.6 (11.6) | 35.4 (12.8) | 41.4 (12.5) | 0.013 | 0.015 |
| GSRS | 26.9 (6.4) | 31.6 (11.0) | 28.3 (8.1) | 31.7 (8.9) | 45.9 (16.7) | <0.0001 | 0.018 |
| SDS | 40.1 (10.7) | 43.5 (11.0) | 42.6 (9.5) | 43.1 (10.7) | 48.8 (17.2) | 0.36 | 0.21 |
| Depression (%) | 18.2% | 28.4% | 22.2% | 30.4% | 50% | 0.25 | 0.41 |
| SAS | 38.8 (7.7) | 43.2 (10.5) | 42.0 (8.1) | 43.7 (9.3) | 47.5 (20.2) | 0.39 | 0.039 |
| Anxiety (%) | 13.6% | 23.9% | 16.7% | 34.8% | 25% | 0.33 | 0.38 |
| PSQI | 7.4 (3.5) | 8.0 (3.5) | 8.1 (3.0) | 7.7 (3.5) | 8.5 (5.3) | 0.84 | 0.50 |
| Poor sleeping (%) | 45.5% | 46.3% | 50% | 43.5% | 37.5% | 0.83 | 1.0 |
| Dermatosis (%) | 22.7% | 37.9% | 27.8% | 63.6% | 12.5% | 0.0081 | 0.30 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 8.6 (3.8) | 12.6 (7.1) | 10.0 (5.1) | 13.8 (5.2) | 20.5 (11.9) | 0.0002 | 0.0013 |
| IL-10 (ng/L) | 173.2 (78.3) | 136.4 (96.0) | 159.7 (95.2) | 121.0 (99.8) | 75.9 (51.0) | 0.050 | 0.078 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 12.0 (5.4) | 20.3 (12.1) | 15.3 (6.4) | 23.5 (11.7) | 33.5 (19.5) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Notes: aNumeric data were described using mean (STD) and categorical data were described by proportion. bp values were obtained from ANOVA global test and Fisher’s exact test for the numeric and categorical data, respectively, for comparing the difference among three subgroups with different numbers of food specific allergens. cp values were from two independent t-tests and Fisher’s exact test for the continuous and categorical data, respectively, for comparing the difference between the IgG positive group vs IgG negative group.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; MIDAS, Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire; VAS, Visual Analog Scale; HIT-6, Headache Impact Test-6; MSQ, Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire; GSRS, Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale; SDS, Self-Rating Depression Scale; SAS, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-10, interleukin-10; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.