Table 1.

Summary of undergoing clinical studies of MB in COVID-19 management.

Clinical study identifier	Treatment protocol	Study phase and estimated enrollment (n)	Primary outcome/s	Recruitment status	Published results
NCT04370288	•Control: COVID-19 patients treated with standard medical therapy (supportive therapy) •Experimental: Drug: MCN (MB, vitamin C, N-acetyl cysteine) •A mixture of MCN was injected to COVID-19 patients	Phase I n = 20	Proportion of patients remaining free of need for mechanical ventilation in both groups [Time Frame: Day 7]	Recruiting	4 out of 5 patients responded well to the MCN treatment, and increased the survival rate of the patients. The therapeutic effect of MCN can be attributed to the macrophage activation cycle leading to oxidative stress and “cytokine storm”[68].
NCT04547127	•Experimental: Convalescent anti-SARS-CoV-2 MB treated Plasma (CAP)+ standard medical treatment from day 1 to day 29 •Active Comparator: Standard Medical Treatment from day 1 to day 29.	Phase II n = 200	All-Cause Mortality Rate [Time Frame: Up to Day 29]	Completed	Not available yet
NCT04376788	•Experimental: Exchange transfusion •Experimental: MB with plasma •Interventions: Biological: plasma from convalescent patients with COVID-19; Drug: MB 5 mg/mL •Experimental: Exchange transfusion and MB with plasma. Biological: exchange blood transfusion from normal donor •Biological: plasma from convalescent patients with COVID-19; Drug: MB 5 mg/mL	Phase II n = 15	Improvement of condition (Time frame: 3–5 days)	Recruiting	Not available yet
NCT04619290	•Experimental: Drug: Sublingual MB •Active Comparator: Conventionally treated group	Phase I n = 46	Change form baseline in Arterial oxygen saturation [Time Frame: up to 7 days]	Recruiting	Not available yet
NCT04635605	•Experimental: MB 100 mg capsules. •Active Comparator: 100 mg placebo capsules.	Phase II n = 64	To compare the viral load kinetics in the enrolled patients with a SARS-CoV-2 positive nasopharyngeal swab demonstrating a reduction of the area under the curve day 0- day 21 of at least 25% [Time Frame: day 0 - day 21]	Recruiting	Not available yet