Table 3.
Effect of probiotics on serum inflammatory factors, chemokines, and intestinal barrier function.
| NC | PC | LP | HP | Between-group comparisons | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1 | P2 | |||||
| IL-1β, pg/ml | 27.56 ± 6.08 | 40.17 ± 6.66* | 37.27 ± 5.61 | 36.09 ± 8.41 | 0.000 | 0.008 |
| TNF-α, pg/ml | 52.91 ± 12.39 | 103.09 ± 15.39* | 101.40 ± 10.15* | 98.44 ± 11.43* | 0.000 | 0.041 |
| IL-6, pg/ml | 38.67 ± 9.39 | 208.6 ± 78.31* | 203.99 ± 30.77* | 141.6 ± 28.60* | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| IL-10, pg/ml | 102.04 ± 27.60 | 82.29 ± 21.46 | 97.04 ± 32.80 | 155.63 ± 36.92* | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| RANTES, ng/ml | 19.47 ± 6.47 | 52.56 ± 7.37* | 49.35 ± 5.38* | 45.82 ± 10.81* | 0.000 | 0.043 |
| MCP-1, pg/ml | 77.19 ± 9.15 | 115.99 ± 20.93* | 100.30 ± 10.20 | 93.13 ± 14.10 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| D-lactates, μg/ml | 0.77 ± 0.17 | 1.48 ± 0.15* | 1.37 ± 0.23* | 1.24 ± 0.13* | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Endotoxin, EU/ml | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.24 ± 0.01* | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| I-FABP, ng/ml | 109.79 ± 25.19 | 233.79 ± 49.43* | 206.19 ± 39.02* | 154.49 ± 29.08 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| DAO, U/ml | 21.10 ± 4.49 | 38.91 ± 5.65* | 34.88 ± 4.35* | 23.53 ± 3.88 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD. P < 0.05 indicated significantly different between the trial arms
NC normal control group, PC positive control group, LP low dose intervention group, HP high dose intervention group.
*P < 0.05 versus NC group; P1 value was calculated by a crude general linear model to test the difference in treatment effects between the groups. P2 value was calculated by a full general linear model with adjustments for age, BMI, the liver function, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory factor to test the difference in treatment effects between the groups.