Table 2. Early outcomes of surviving infants with different birth weights.
| Outcomes | Total survivors (n = 58) | Birth weight | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 400 g (n = 7) | 400–499 g (n = 51) | |||
| RDS | 57 (98) | 7 (100) | 50 (98) | 1.000 |
| Air leak syndrome | 4 (7) | 1 (14) | 3 (6) | 0.603 |
| Massive pulmonary hemorrhage | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 0.998 |
| BPD | 57 (98) | 7 (100) | 50 (98) | 0.999 |
| Moderate to severe BPD | 46 (79) | 4 (57) | 42 (82) | 0.143 |
| Use of corticosteroids in preventing and treating BPD | 43 (74) | 6 (86) | 37 (73) | 0.702 |
| Duration of invasive mechanical ventilation | 52.84 ± 34.13 | 71.57 ± 62.91 | 50.27 ± 28.24 | 0.253 |
| Medical treatment for PDA | 31 (53) | 3 (43) | 28 (55) | 0.794 |
| Surgical PDA ligation | 12 (21) | 1 (14) | 11 (22) | 0.850 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 16 (28) | 2 (29) | 14 (27) | 0.693 |
| IVH (grade I–IV) | 43 (74) | 7 (100) | 36 (71) | 0.999 |
| Severe IVH (grade III–IV) | 7 (12) | 1 (14) | 6 (12) | 0.467 |
| Post hemorrhagic hydrocephalus | 3 (5) | 2 (29) | 1 (2) | 0.999 |
| Periventricular leukomalacia | 4 (7) | 2 (29) | 2 (4) | 0.975 |
| Sepsis | 22 (38) | 3 (43) | 19 (31) | 0.326 |
| NEC (≥ stage 2) | 5 (9) | 1 (14) | 4 (8) | 0.070 |
| Idiopathic intestinal perforation | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | 0.999 |
| Duration of TPN (days) | 65.53 ± 40.44 | 80.43 ± 65.02 | 63.49 ± 36.36 | 0.578 |
| ROP | 48 (83) | 5 (71) | 43 (84) | 0.491 |
| Laser operation for ROP | 27 (47) | 3 (43) | 24 (47) | 0.921 |
| Anti-VEGF therapy for ROP | 16 (28) | 5 (71) | 11 (22) | 0.056 |
| Brain stem auditory evoked potential abnormality | 18 (31) | 1 (14) | 17 (33) | 0.480 |
| Transfusion of packed red blood cells | 57 (98) | 7 (100) | 50 (98) | 0.999 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days) | 139.90 ± 43.04 | 156.67 ± 71.81 | 137.67 ± 38.07 | 0.442 |
Data presented as the number (percentage) or as the mean ± standard deviation.
RDS = respiratory distress syndrome, BPD = bronchopulmonary dysplasia, PDA = patent ductus arteriosus, IVH = intraventricular hemorrhage, NEC = necrotizing enterocolitis, TPN = total parenteral nutrition, ROP = retinopathy of prematurity, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.
aMultivariate analysis adjusted for gestational age, sex, multiple gestations, any use of antenatal steroids, and Apgar at 5 minutes.