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. 2021 Aug 9;11:16165. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95391-y

Figure 5.

Figure 5

A peripheral oscillator coupled in antiphase to the molecular clock. (a) Time curves of the second oscillator where the agents M~, P~0, P~1, P~2 and P~N fulfill analog equations corresponding to (1) to (5) where (2) is replaced by (11) and α~=0.5. (b) Time curve of the external stimulus u defined in (16), of M calculated from the model (1) to (5), of M~ calculated by an analogous model like (1) to (5) where (2) is replaced by (11) with α~=0.5 and of Mu calculated from (1) to (5) where (2) is replaced by (8) with α=1 for (16). In (c) and (d) a peripheral oscillator coupled in phase to the molecular clock. (c) Time curves of the second oscillator where the agents M~, P~0, P~1, P~2 and P~N fulfill analog equations corresponding to (1) to (5) where (2) is replaced by (12) with α~=0.5, β=2. (d) Time curve of the external stimulus u defined in (16), of M calculated from the model (1) to (5), of M~ calculated by an analogous model like (1) to (5) where (2) is replaced by (12) with α~=0.5, β=2 and of Mu calculated from (1) to (5) where (2) is replaced by (8) with α=1 for (16). In (e) the time curve of the external stimulus u defined in (16) where Mu and M~ are calculated as in (a) and (b). The quantity M~p is calculated by an analogous model as M~ where (11) is replaced by (13) with αP=0.5. After the transient, we have a shift of about 12.7 h between Mu and M~ and of about 15.8 h between Mu and M~p. Units and dimensions: abscissa t: time in hours, ordinate U: amount of substance (M, Mu, M~, M~P mRNA, P~i, 0,1,2,N, protein, u intensity of illumination).