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. 2021 Aug 9;11:16125. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95650-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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NTAPP activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in dermal papilla during hair organ culture. (A) Scheme of NTAPP treatment of hair follicles. Isolated human hair follicles (hHFs) were treated with NTAPP (3.6, 4.2, and 5.0 kV) for 1 min on 8 consecutive days. (B) Immunofluorescent staining of β-catenin in hHFs. White arrows mark β-catenin staining in dermal papilla (DP). Dotted lines highlight the border between hair keratinocytes and DP cells. Scale bar = 50 μm. (C) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the selected genes. Results are expressed as mean ± S.D. from five independent experiments (at least 60 follicles in each experiment). p values were determined by one-way ANOVA. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (vs. control).