Table 3.

Effect sizes for each dependent variable and summary statistics (η², p).

	Teacher support	Negative classroom environment	Academic motivation	School safety
Age	0.004, <0.001	0.010, <0.001	0.022, <0.001	0.004, <0.001
Violence exposure	0.018, <0.001	0.031, <0.001	0.008, <0.001	0.021, <0.001
Country	0.010, <0.001	0.062, <0.001	0.144, <0.001	0.009, <0.001
Gender	0.001, <0.01	0.001, <0.01	0.006, <0.001	0.000, ns
Violence exposure × Country	0.001, ns	0.002, <0.01	0.001, ns	0.001, <0.05
Violence exposure × Gender	0.000, ns	0.001, <0.01	0.000, ns	0.000, ns
Gender × Country	001, <0.05	0.004, <0.001	0.000, ns	0.001, <0.01
Violence exposure × Country × Gender	0.000, ns	0.001, ns	0.001, ns	0.000, ns

η², Eta-squared statistic.

p, Significance value.

ns, Non-significant.