Table 3.
The Association of Body Mass Index, Metabolic Status and Adult Treatment Panel III Components with Diabetes
| Variables | Crude RR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted RR (95% CI) a | P a | Adjusted RR (95% CI) b | P b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Treatment Panel III components | ||||||
| Waist circumference (WC) | ||||||
| Normal | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Elevated WC | 1.47 (1.23–1.77) | <0.001 | 1.63 (1.35–1.96) | <0.001 | 1.46 (1.21–1.76) | <0.001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) | ||||||
| Normal | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Elevated FPG or medication | 3.20 (2.63–3.89) | <0.001 | 4.57 (3.75–5.58) | <0.001 | 4.23 (3.47–5.16) | <0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) | ||||||
| Normal | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Reduced HDL-C or medication | 0.89 (0.71–1.13) | 0.340 | 1.04 (0.83–1.31) | 0.705 | 0.97 (0.78–1.22) | 0.819 |
| Triglyceride (TG) | ||||||
| Normal | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Elevated TG or medication | 1.59 (1.33–1.90) | <0.001 | 1.67 (1.44–1.98) | <0.001 | 1.51 (1.27–1.80) | <0.001 |
| Blood pressure | ||||||
| Normal | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Elevated blood pressure or mediation | 2.15 (1.72–2.67) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.50–2.36) | <0.001 | 1.55 (1.21–1.97) | <0.001 |
| Number of components (n) | ||||||
| 0 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| 1 | 1.09 (0.68–1.77) | 0.711 | 1.11 (0.69–1.79) | 0.671 | 1.05 (0.65–1.70) | 0.836 |
| 2 | 1.83 (1.18–2.82) | 0.007 | 1.93 (1.25–2.99) | 0.003 | 1.74 (1.12–2.71) | 0.014 |
| 3 | 3.07 (2.01–4.68) | <0.001 | 3.50 (2.30–5.34) | <0.001 | 2.98 (1.94–4.59) | <0.001 |
| 4 | 4.16 (2.69–6.42) | <0.001 | 5.04 (3.27–7.79) | <0.001 | 4.11 (2.62–6.44) | <0.001 |
| 5 | 4.87 (2.87–8.25) | <0.001 | 8.53 (5.09–14.31) | <0.001 | 6.74 (3.95–11.48) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | |||||
| Body mass index | ||||||
| Normal weight | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Overweight | 1.14 (0.92–1.42) | 0.237 | 1.22 (0.98–1.51) | 0.076 | 1.12 (0.90–1.38) | 0.318 |
| Obese | 1.85 (1.45–2.35) | <0.001 | 2.03 (1.60–2.58) | <0.001 | 1.70 (1.33–2.17) | <0.001 |
| Metabolic status | ||||||
| Healthy | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Unhealthy | 2.45 (2.04–2.95) | <0.001 | 2.82 (2.35–3.38) | <0.001 | 2.48 (2.06–2.98) | <0.001 |
| P for multiplicative interaction | 0.015 | |||||
Notes: Results are based on a generalized estimating equation (GEE) with diabetes vs no diabetes as binary outcome (analysis sample n=9623). aAdjusted for follow-up time, age (numeric) and gender. bAdjusted for follow-up time, demographic characteristics (age (numeric), gender, education level, drug history, history of chronic disease and family history of diabetes) and behavioral characteristics (smoking status, drinking status, regular physical activity).