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. 2021 Jul 27;9:708318. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708318

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Copyright © 2021 van der Weijden and Bulut-Karslioglu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Inducers and features of embryonic diapause. Seasonal variations in photoperiod or lactational stress lead to hormonal alterations. The uterus then fails to establish a receptive state, which blocks implantations and induces diapause. Uterine fluid and extracellular vesicle composition is altered in diapause. The embryo in diapause shows minimal metabolic activity, globally reduced transcription and translation, and diminished or reduced proliferation. Depicted in the figure is a mouse embryo. Parent species where evidence supportive of each statement was derived are shown as icons.