TABLE 4.

Project ownership survey.

Item	Avg	SD	A	B	C	D
Ownership
My research project was interesting	4.2	0.5	A
My project gave me a sense of personal achievement	4.1	0.7	A
I was responsible for the outcomes of my research	4.0	0.7	A	B
In my project, I actively sought advice and assistance	4.0	0.8	A	B
I faced challenges that I managed to overcome	3.9	0.6	A	B
My findings were important to the scientific community	3.7	0.7		B	C
My research will help to solve a problem in the world	3.7	0.7		B	C
My research project was exciting	3.7	0.8			C
The research question I worked on was important to me	3.5	0.8			C
I had a personal reason for choosing the project	3.1	0.9				D
Emotions
Delighted	3.7	0.8	A
Happy	3.7	1.1	A
Joyful	3.4	1.0	A
Amazed	3.0	1.0		B
Surprised	2.8	0.9		B
Astonished	2.7	0.9		B

Items are grouped into two categories: project ownership (five-point Likert scale: 1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree) and emotions associated with project experience (five-point Likert-like scale: 1 = very slightly, 5 = very strongly). Average (Avg) and standard deviation (SD) are reported, and items are ordered by average from highest to lowest value within each category. Columns A-D: Items within each column are not statistically different, whereas items in different columns are statistically different, based on separate ANOVAs followed by Tukey’s HSD tests, one for ownership and one for emotions.