Unlike vaccine-derived immunity that develops over time, administration of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is an immediate and passive immunotherapy that reduces viral load and holds the potential to control disease progression and prevent emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and death.

This report describes the development of bamlanivimab and etesevimab, IgG1 human neutralizing mAbs that bind to distinct yet overlapping epitopes within the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and the role of bamlanivimab and etesevimab for the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 illness within 10 days of symptom onset and at high risk for progressing to severe COVID-19 and/or hospitalization.

Bamlanivimab alone and together with etesevimab hold emergency use authorizations in several countries globally, with countries increasingly transitioning to the use of bamlanivimab and etesevimab together and other authorized mAbs on the basis of their evolving variant landscape, regulatory authorizations, and access to drugs.

This report provides evidence-based practical guidance and rationales for administering bamlanivimab and etesevimab together and addresses the most frequent clinical questions received from health care professionals and patients around indicated population, dose, use with other medications and vaccines, duration of protection, and variants.

This report also discusses the practical learnings and the most recent real-world evidence detailing the adapted clinical care procedures and facilities that have been implemented to rapidly operationalize infusions of these mAbs.