Table 1.
General characteristics among study population
| Total | Non-TB | Bact TB | P valuea | Smear + TB | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender; n (%) | ||||||
| Male | 16,902 (40.8) | 16,760 (40.6) | 142 (66.7) | < 0.01 | 61 (81.3) | < 0.01 |
| Female | 24,548 (59.2) | 24,477 (59.4) | 71 (33.3) | 14 (18.7) | ||
| Age group; n (%) | ||||||
| 15–24 | 7236 (17.5) | 7202 (17.5) | 34 (16.0) | 0.50 | 8 (10.7) | 0.53 |
| 25–34 | 9413 (22.7) | 9362 (22.7) | 51 (23.9) | 23 (30.7) | ||
| 35–44 | 8538 (20.6) | 8501 (20.6) | 37 (17.4) | 15 (20.0) | ||
| 45–54 | 8018 (19.3) | 7978 (19.3) | 40 (18.8) | 14 (18.7) | ||
| 55–64 | 4998 (12.1) | 4970 (12.1) | 28 (13.1) | 9 (12.0) | ||
| 65+ | 3247 (7.8) | 3224 (7.8) | 23 (10.8) | 6 (8.0) | ||
| Marital status; n (%) | ||||||
| Married | 29,456 (71.1) | 29,324 (71.1) | 132 (62.0) | < 0.01 | 49 (65.3) | 0.32 |
| Never married | 8593 (20.7) | 8545 (20.7) | 48 (22.5) | 16 (21.3) | ||
| Divorced | 738 (1.8) | 726 (1.8) | 12 (5.6) | 3 (4.0) | ||
| Widowed | 2663 (6.4) | 2642 (6.4) | 21 (9.9) | 7 (9.3) | ||
| Education; n (%) | ||||||
| None | 882 (2.1) | 875 (2.1) | 7 (3.3) | < 0.01 | 2 (2.7) | 0.01 |
| Primary | 2242 (5.4) | 2226 (5.4) | 16 (7.5) | 7 (9.3) | ||
| Incompleted secondary | 7289 (17.6) | 7241 (17.6) | 48 (22.5) | 15 (20.0) | ||
| Completed secondary | 16,401 (39.6) | 16,305 (39.5) | 96 (45.1) | 40 (53.3) | ||
| Technical training | 3636 (8.8) | 3618 (8.8) | 18 (8.5) | 4 (5.3) | ||
| Higher | 11,000 (26.5) | 10,972 (26.6) | 28 (13.1) | 7 (9.3) | ||
| Employed; n (%) | ||||||
| Unemployed | 21,168 (51.1) | 21,049 (51.0) | 119 (55.9) | 0.20 | 42 (56.0) | 0.39 |
| Employed | 20,282 (48.9) | 20,188 (49.0) | 94 (44.1) | 33 (44.0) | ||
| Reason unemployed; n (%) | ||||||
| Secondary school student | 1790 (8.5) | 1785 (8.5) | 5 (4.2) | 0.05 | 1 (2.4) | 0.09 |
| University/college student | 3133 (14.9) | 3120 (14.9) | 13 (10.9) | 3 (7.1) | ||
| Retired | 6864 (32.6) | 6826 (32.6) | 38 (31.9) | 13 (31.0) | ||
| Disabled | 1634 (7.8) | 1620 (7.7) | 14 (11.8) | 7 (16.7) | ||
| Housewife | 2996 (14.2) | 2982 (14.2) | 14 (11.8) | 5 (11.9) | ||
| Cannot find job | 2764 (13.1) | 2741 (13.1) | 23 (19.3) | 9 (21.4) | ||
| Other | 1873 (8.9) | 1861 (8.9) | 12 (10.1) | 4 (9.5) | ||
| Employment; n (%) | ||||||
| Salaried employee | 11,972 (59.1) | 11,932 (59.2) | 40 (42.6) | 0.01 | 12 (36.4) | 0.13 |
| Employer | 923 (4.6) | 914 (4.5) | 9 (9.6) | 2 (6.1) | ||
| Private business owner | 6196 (30.6) | 6156 (30.5) | 40 (42.6) | 18 (54.5) | ||
| Member of cooperative | 117 (0.6) | 117 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Unpaid participant in household enterprise | 382 (1.9) | 381 (1.9) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Other | 668 (3.3) | 664 (3.3) | 4 (4.3) | 1 (3.0) | ||
| Residence area; n (%) | ||||||
| Urban | 23,283 (56.2) | 23,159 (56.2) | 124 (58.2) | 0.50 | 41 (54.7) | 0.79 |
| Rural | 18,167 (43.8) | 18,078 (43.8) | 89 (41.8) | 34 (45.3) | ||
| Number of years living at same address; mean (SD) | ||||||
| 14.8 (14.1) | 14.8 (14.1) | 14.9 (13.0) | 0.30 | 15.2 (13.9) | 0.80 | |
TB tuberculosis, Bact bacteriologically confirmed, + positive, SD standard deviation
Bact TB includes smear-positive TB and culture-positive or TB approved by rapid diagnostic such as Gen Xpert/RIF
Values represent mean (SD) or N (%)
aP values were calculated using the chi-square test for categorical variables or the unpaired t test for continuous variables in order to compare differences between non-TB and Bact TB groups and between non-TB and smear + TB groups