Table 2.
Household environmental and individual factors among study population
| Total | Non-TB | Bact TB | P value | Smear + TB | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| House type; n (%) | ||||||
| Gher | 13,531 (32.6) | 13,454 (32.6) | 77 (36.2) | 0.35 | 29 (38.7) | 0.14 |
| Wooden house | 16,331 (39.4) | 16,243 (39.4) | 88 (41.3) | 34 (45.3) | ||
| Apartment | 10,298 (24.9) | 10,255 (24.9) | 43 (20.2) | 11 (14.7) | ||
| Other | 1290 (3.1) | 1285 (3.1) | 5 (2.3) | 1 (1.3) | ||
| Separate kitchen; n (%) | ||||||
| Yes | 21,411 (51.7) | 21,313 (51.7) | 98 (46.0) | 0.90 | 30 (40.0) | 0.04 |
| No | 20,039 (48.3) | 19,924 (48.3) | 115 (54.0) | 45 (60.0) | ||
| Exposure to solid fuel for heating; n (%) | ||||||
| Clean | 12,069 (29.1) | 12,023 (29.2) | 46 (21.6) | 0.02 | 12 (16.0) | 0.01 |
| Solid fuel | 29,381 (70.9) | 29,214 (70.8) | 167 (78.4) | 63 (84.0) | ||
| Number of family members; n (%) | ||||||
| ≤ 4 | 25,924 (62.5) | 25,784 (62.5) | 140 (65.7) | 0.30 | 47 (62.7) | 0.98 |
| > 5 | 15,526 (37.5) | 15,453 (37.5) | 73 (34.3) | 28 (37.3) | ||
| Exposure to tobacco smoke inside home, n | ||||||
| Never | 17,264 (41.7) | 17,181 (41.7) | 83 (39.0) | 0.70 | 28 (37.3) | 0.42 |
| Occasional | 10,554 (25.5) | 10,499 (25.5) | 55 (25.8) | 17 (22.7) | ||
| Daily | 13,632 (32.9) | 13,557 (32.9) | 75 (35.2) | 30 (40.0) | ||
| Household monthly income (₮)a; n (%) | ||||||
| ≤ 500,000 | 22,155 (53.4) | 22,038 (53.4) | 117 (54.9) | 0.30 | 46 (61.3) | 0.38 |
| 500,001–1,000,000 | 14,948 (36.1) | 14,871 (36.1) | 77 (36.2) | 25 (33.3) | ||
| 1,000,001–1,500,000 | 2719 (6.6) | 2711 (6.6) | 8 (3.8) | 2 (2.7) | ||
| ≥ 1,500,001 | 1628 (3.9) | 1617 (3.9) | 11 (5.2) | 2 (2.7) | ||
| Smoking; n (%) | ||||||
| Never | 29,781 (71.9) | 29,683 (72.0) | 98 (46.0) | < 0.01 | 20 (26.7) | < 0.01 |
| Quit | 1259 (3.0) | 1248 (3.0) | 11 (5.2) | 7 (9.3) | ||
| Occasional | 1396 (3.4) | 1387 (3.4) | 9 (4.2) | 5 (6.7) | ||
| Daily | 9014 (21.7) | 8919 (21.6) | 95 (44.6) | 43 (57.3) | ||
| Alcohol consumption; n (%) | ||||||
| Never | 22,351 (53.9) | 22,266 (54.0) | 85 (39.9) | < 0.01 | 27 (36.0) | < 0.01 |
| Once a month or less | 15,892 (38.3) | 15,801 (38.3) | 91 (42.7) | 30 (40.0) | ||
| 2-4 times a month | 2837 (6.8) | 2812 (6.8) | 25 (11.7) | 12 (16.0) | ||
| 2–3 times a week | 265 (0.6) | 257 (0.6) | 8 (3.8) | 4 (5.3) | ||
| At least 4 times a week | 105 (0.3) | 101 (0.2) | 4 (1.9) | 2 (2.7) | ||
| Diabetes; n (%) | ||||||
| No | 17,801 (43.0) | 17,717 (43.0) | 84 (39.4) | 0.09 | 32 (42.7) | 0.67 |
| Yes | 1011 (2.4) | 1002 (2.4) | 9 (4.2) | 3 (4.0) | ||
| Unknown | 22,638 (54.6) | 22,518 (54.6) | 120 (56.3) | 40 (53.3) | ||
| Contact with active TB; n (%) | ||||||
| No | 35,020 (84.5) | 34,862 (84.5) | 158 (74.2) | < 0.01 | 54 (72.0) | 0.01 |
| Yes | 6430 (15.5) | 6375 (15.5) | 55 (25.8) | 21 (28.0) | ||
| BMI; n (%) | ||||||
| Normal | 18,779 (45.3) | 18,627 (45.2) | 152 (71.4) | < 0.01 | 54 (72.0) | < 0.01 |
| Overweight | 13,206 (31.9) | 13,176 (32.0) | 30 (14.1) | 7 (9.3) | ||
| Obese class I | 6096 (14.7) | 6089 (14.8) | 7 (3.3) | 1 (1.3) | ||
| Obese class II | 1543 (3.7) | 1543 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Obese class III | 470 (1.1) | 469 (1.1) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Underweight | 1356 (3.3) | 1333 (3.2) | 23 (10.8) | 13 (17.3) | ||
| Previous history of TB; n (%) | ||||||
| No | 39,785 (96.0) | 39,612 (96.1) | 173 (81.2) | < 0.01 | 52 (69.3) | < 0.01 |
| Yes | 1665 (4.0) | 1625 (3.9) | 40 (18.8) | 23 (30.7) | ||
TB tuberculosis, Bact bacteriologically confirmed, ₮ tugrik
Bact TB includes smear-positive TB and culture-positive or TB approved by rapid diagnostic method such as Gen Xpert/RIF
P values were calculated using the chi-square test to compare differences between non-TB and Bact TB groups and between non-TB and smear+ TB groups
aAverage monthly household income based on tugrik (₮) Mongolian currency $1 = 1800 ₮ in 2015